Is This a Paraphrase? What Kind? Paraphrase Boundaries and Typology

Abstract

A precise and commonly accepted definition of paraphrasing does not exist. This is one of the reasons that have prevented computational linguistics from a real success when dealing with this phenomenon in its systems and applications. With the aim of helping to overcome this difficulty, in this article, new insights on paraphrase characterization are provided. We first overview what has been said on paraphrasing from linguistics and the new lights shed on the phenomenon from computational linguistics. Under the light of the shortcomings observed, the paraphrase phenomenon is studied from two different perspectives. On the one hand, insights on paraphrase boundaries are set out analyzing paraphrase borderline cases and the interaction of paraphrasing with related linguistic phenomena. On the other hand, a new paraphrase typology is presented. It goes beyond a simple list of types and is embedded in a linguistically-based hierarchical structure. This typology has been empirically validated through corpus annotation and its application in the plagiarism-detection domain.

Reformulation à l’oral et dans le forum Web

“…La paraphrase est analysée tout d'abord en tenant compte de la situation d'énonciation et a, par conséquent, une valeur contextuelle [13,16,17,28,40]. Elle est définie aussi à travers les transformations linguistiques que subissent les segments paraphrasés aux différents niveaux (morphologique, lexical, syntaxique, sémantique) [4,29,41]. Elle est décrite enfin en fonction de la taille des entités couvertes par la paraphrase : un mot, un ou plusieurs syntagmes, un ou plusieurs énoncé, etc.…”

Typology for Linguistic Pattern in English-Hindi Journalistic Text Reuse

“…Normally they may also be considered in d iscourse based change in which structure of the sentence is normally changed [4,24]. …”

“…As special types of paraphrases it goes beyond pure semantic similarity to fall within the field of pragmatics [24]. Paraphrasing extends to a group of words.…”

“…This category has been referred to as Textual Entailment [1,16,24]. In this class mean ing of one expression can be inferred fro m the other [10].…”

“…Typology is nothing but drawing boundaries among different paraphrase types, identifying their man ifestations, going into depth to find their characterization and finally classifying them [4]. Building a Typology has been a tool for many NLP researchers to apprehend paraphrasing [24].…”