Is there possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19: a systematic review

Yuan, Jiang; Qian, Han Zhu; Cao, Shiyan; Dong, Bin; Yan, Xiaoyu; Luo, Shuanghong; Zhou, Min; Zhou, Sha; Ning, Botao; Zhao, Liebin

doi:10.21037/tp-20-144

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The absence of SARS-CoV-2 in the vagina does not mean that vertical infection cannot occur. In a meta-analysis conducted on this subject and including 29 studies, it was reported that SARS-CoV-2 can cause 3.2% vertical infection [ 19 ]. However, the evidence for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to the fetus during the intrauterine period is quite limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is not detected in the vagina: A prospective study

et al. 2021

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Objective To determine whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is present in the vagina of women diagnosed with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Study design The study was conducted prospectively in a university affiliated hospital. Forty-one women of reproductive age whose nasopharyngeal PCR test were positive for SARS-CoV-2 and clinically diagnosed with pneumonia were included in the study. Vaginal swabs were obtained for SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests when the patients were admitted to the inpatient service before pneumonia treatment was initiated. Results Vaginal swab samples of 38 patients were analysed with SARS-CoV-2 PCR tests. None of the vaginal swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 does not infect the vagina of women diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a meta-analysis reported published that vertical transmission risk cannot be excluded with the existing literature. However, if vertical infection is possible, this probability is very low [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is not detected in the vagina: A prospective study

et al. 2021

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“…Finally, only one case presented with high levels of IgG and IgM antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 2 hours after birth, although repeated PCR tests on nasopharyngeal swabs were negative. This led to the hypothesis that viruses that invade from the placenta may not multiply in the nasopharynx (40).…”

Section: Sars-cov-2 and Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Human Reproduction: A Changing Perspective

Delamuta

Monteleone

Filho

et al. 2021

Clinics

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Since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus disease 2019 has had a wide range of effects on human health. This paper summarizes the data related to the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on human reproduction.Both the male and female reproductive tract express high levels of receptors and proteins needed for viral cell entry. There is presently no evidence that gametes are affected by the infection. Male fertility may be temporarily reduced due to inflammatory responses following infection. The endometrium is highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 cell entry; however, it remains unclear whether this could alter receptivity and embryo implantation. Menstrual cycle changes were reported in women who experienced severe infection; however, they tended to be reversible. For couples undergoing assisted reproduction treatment, the pandemic led to a significant psychological burden, with changes in lifestyle that could directly affect the success of the treatment. Human reproduction societies recommend screening all patients prior to cycle initiation and avoiding treatment of women with severe comorbidities until the pandemic is under control. Finally, for pregnant women, it is expected that the infection is more severe in women in the third trimester and in those with comorbidities. Those who are symptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 are more likely to have increased rates of prematurity and intrapartum fetal distress than those who are asymptomatic. Vertical transmission cannot be completely ruled out, but neonatal infection rates are low. Vaccination appears to be safe and is indicated for use in pregnant and lactating women because the benefits outweigh the risks.

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“…In contrast to the rapid updating of guidelines in Western countries, Chinese authorities have continued to recommend postnatal mother–newborn separation and withholding of breastfeeding in infected mothers in the most recent published guidelines [ 23 ] and on the Chinese National Health Commission website [ 24 ]. Although it is difficult to measure the effects of postnatal care practices on vertical and perinatal transmission, a systematic review enriched with mothers from China (43.4% of 564) found an overall vertical transmission rate of 3.3% [ 25 ▪ ] – a rate in line with, and possibly higher than, the US and European reports. This strongly suggests a lack of evidence for continued mother-infant separation and withholding of breastfeeding.…”

Section: Low Risk Of Vertical and Perinatal Transmission Of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 From Infected Mothers To Newbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 on newborns

Kyle¹,

Dumitriu

2021

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review To evaluate the available literature regarding effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on newborns, ranging from effects related to in utero and perinatal exposure to maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, to pandemic-related stress and socioeconomic changes. Recent findings Several large studies and national registries have shown that the risk of vertical transmission from SARS-CoV-2-infected mothers to newborns is rare and does not appear to be related to postnatal care policies such as mother–newborn separation and breastfeeding. Newborns exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in utero are at higher risk for preterm delivery for reasons still under investigation. When newborns do acquire SARS-CoV-2 infection, their disease course is usually mild. Long-term follow-up data are lacking, but preliminary reports indicate that, similarly to prior natural disasters, being born during the pandemic may be associated with developmental risk. Summary Although risk of vertical or perinatal transmission is low across a range of postnatal care practices, early indicators suggest developmental risk to the generation born during the pandemic. Long-term follow-up data are critically needed to determine the developmental impact of in utero and early life exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Is there possibility of vertical transmission of COVID-19: a systematic review

Cited by 38 publications

References 29 publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is not detected in the vagina: A prospective study

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is not detected in the vagina: A prospective study

Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Human Reproduction: A Changing Perspective

The effect of coronavirus disease 2019 on newborns

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