Is there interaction between forestry residue and crop residue in co-pyrolysis? Evidence from wood sawdust and peanut shell

Primary Products from Fast Co-Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell and Sawdust

“…For example, El-Sayed et al [22] showed that the co-pyrolysis of Egyptian olive pomace and wood dust (Kroneiki olive-pomace (KROP), Shamlali olive-pomace (SHOP), and Fine Swedish sawdust (FSSD)) showed an increase in the amount of volatile matter in the blend and had the best synergistic pyrolysis performance at a heating rate of 10 • C/min. Additionally, Nie et al [10] observed that the co-pyrolysis of wood sawdust (WS) and peanut shell (PS) resulted in an increase in the comprehensive pyrolysis index for the blend ratio W3P7 (WS:PS = 3:7) compared to the single pyrolysis of WS and PS at a heating rate of 10-30 • C/min, while Ge et al [23] did not observe any clear synergic interaction on the biomass mass loss during the co-pyrolysis of pine wood waste and straw waste. In terms of the bio-oil yield, Biswas et al [20] showed that the co-pyrolysis of Phumdi (PH) and Para grass (PG) (1:1) resulted in a bio-oil yield of 11.66 wt% and was composed mainly of phenolic compounds, while Hopa et al [14] observed that the co-pyrolysis of rice husk and sugarcane bagasse resulted in an increased yield of bio-oil with 28.4%.…”

“…The pretreatment of biomass with dilute acid solutions has also been used to improve the quality and minimise the negative effects of inorganic materials during the fast pyrolysis of biomass [6][7][8]. Recently, attention has been directed towards the co-pyrolysis of different biomasses [9][10][11][12].…”

“…Many studies have been carried out on the co-pyrolysis of different biomasses to produce biofuel and chemicals. However, most of the studies found in the literature focused on the co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic [16][17][18][19], and very few studies have been carried out on the co-pyrolysis of different biomass materials [10,[20][21][22][23]. Moreover, most of the studies that were carried out on the co-pyrolysis of different biomasses were achieved with the use of the TGA and focused on the gas and char yields.…”

“…A review of most of the previous studies shows that the information is scarce about the primary products' characteristics and interactions during the fast co-pyrolysis of different native biomass blends comprising an agricultural residue and a woody biomass residue. Moreover, most of the studies were carried out with the use of a fixed-bed and/or thermogravimetric analyser (TGA) [10,20,22,23], which may result in secondary reactions. With the right mixture of biomasses, it may be possible to control the product distribution and enhance the quality of the volatile compounds formed from the interaction of the different biomass components during pyrolysis.…”