Is there cross-country convergence in carbon dioxide emissions?

Ezcurra, Roberto

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2006.04.006

Cited by 164 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Furthermore, several papers have assessed convergence in GHG emissions using simple ratios such as per capita CO 2 emissions; these include Strazicich and List (2003), Lanne and Liski (2004); Aldy (2006;, Ezcurra (2007), Westerlund and Basher (2008), Romero-Ávila (2008), Barassi et al (2008;), Marrero (2010, Jobert et al (2010) and Ordás Criado and Grether (2011). As far as we know, only Camarero et al (2008) have tested for convergence in environmental performance using a series of composite indicators computed within the framework of the production theory; these authors analyze convergence among 22 OECD countries during the period 1970-2002, using data on CO 2 emissions as a measure of the impact of economic activity on the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is eco-efficiency in greenhouse gas emissions converging among European Union countries?

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Eco-efficiency refers to the ability to produce more goods and services with less impact on the environment and less consumption of natural resources. This issue has become a matter of concern that is receiving increasing attention by politicians, scientists and academics. Furthermore, greenhouse gases emitted as a result of production processes have a heavy impact in the environment and also are the foremost responsible of global warming and climate change. This paper assesses convergence in eco-efficiency from greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (EU). Eco-efficiency is assessed at both country and greenhouse-gas-specific levels using Data Envelopment Analysis techniques and directional distance functions, as recently proposed by Picazo-Tadeo et al. (2012). Then, convergence is evaluated using the Phillips and Sul (2007) approach that allows testing for the existence of convergence groups. Although the results point to the existence of different convergence clubs depending on the specific pollutant considered, they signal the existence of, at least, four clear groups of countries. The first two groups are conformed of core EU high-income countries (Benelux, Germany, Italy, Austria, the United Kingdom and Scandinavian countries). A third club is made up of peripheral countries (Spain, Ireland, Portugal, Greece) together with some Eastern countries (Latvia, Slovenia) and the rest of clubs consists of groups containing Eastern European countries.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is eco-efficiency in greenhouse gas emissions converging among European Union countries?

et al. 2013

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“…Non-parametric techniques for analysing the shape and dynamics of a distribution-in other words, density function estimation-are unable to obtain precise quantitative information about changes in polarisation over time (Ezcurra, 2007). We must therefore explore the various alternatives that have been proposed in the literature, which can be grouped in two major categories.…”

Section: Methodological Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Country Polarisation in CO2 Emissions Per Capita in the European Union: Changes and Explanatory Factors

Duro

Padilla

2012

Environ Resource Econ

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In this study, we analyse the degree of polarisation-a concept fundamentally different from that of inequality-in the international distribution of CO 2 emissions per capita in the European Union. It is analytically relevant to examine the degree of instability inherent to a distribution and, in the analysed case, the likelihood that the distribution and its evolution will increase or decrease the chances of reaching an agreement. Two approaches were used to measure polarisation: the endogenous approach, in which countries are grouped according to their similarity in terms of emissions, and the exogenous approach, in which countries are grouped geographically. Our findings indicate a clear decrease in polarisation since the mid-1990s, which can essentially be explained by the fact that the different groups of countries have converged (i.e. antagonism among the CO 2 emitters has decreased) as the contribution of energy intensity to between-group differences has decreased. This lower degree of polarisation in CO 2 distribution suggests a situation more conducive to the possibility of reaching EU-wide agreements on the mitigation of CO 2 emissions.

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“…For example, β-convergence shows what happens to its mean, while σ-convergence only indicates the dispersion. The second strand of literature adopts nonparametric approaches [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Compared with the first strand of literature, the second strand of literature not only provides information for the convergence, but also highlights the dynamic law of the entire distribution shape for CO 2 emissions across countries, in particular the existence and formation of convergence clubs.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distribution Dynamics of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Intensity across Chinese Provinces: A Weighted Approach

2017

Sustainability

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This paper examines the distribution dynamics of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions intensity across 30 Chinese provinces using a weighted distribution dynamics approach. The results show that CO 2 emissions intensity tends to diverge during the sample period of 1995-2014. However, convergence clubs are found in the ergodic distributions of the full sample and two sub-sample periods. Divergence, polarization, and stratification are the dominant characteristics in the distribution dynamics. Weightings with economic and population sizes have important impacts on current distributions and hence long-run steady distributions. Neglecting the size of the economy may underestimate the deterioration in the long-run steady state. The result also shows that conditioning on space and income cannot eliminate the multimodality in the long-run distribution. However, capital intensity has an important impact on the formation of convergence clubs. Our findings will contribute to an understanding of the spatial dynamic behaviors of CO 2 emissions across Chinese provinces, and have important policy implications for CO 2 emissions reduction in China.

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Is there cross-country convergence in carbon dioxide emissions?

Cited by 164 publications

References 42 publications

Is eco-efficiency in greenhouse gas emissions converging among European Union countries?

Is eco-efficiency in greenhouse gas emissions converging among European Union countries?

Cross-Country Polarisation in CO2 Emissions Per Capita in the European Union: Changes and Explanatory Factors

The Distribution Dynamics of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Intensity across Chinese Provinces: A Weighted Approach

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