Is There Any Relationship between Cold-Induced Vasodilatation and Vasomotion?

Elevation of von Willebrand factor in plasma in diabetic patients with neuropathic foot ulceration

“…Cold‐water immersion of hands or feet induces peripheral sympathetic activity [22,23]. In diabetic patients without neuropathy, foot immersion is followed by an abrupt decrease in skin temperature of the extremities, followed by vasodilation, with skin temperature returning to or exceeding the baseline (Fig.…”

<title>Imaging of vascular chaos</title>

“…We note with considerable interest that this range coincides well with previous estimates of the CD of the microvascular response obtained from surface measures. 6 We are aware that determination of the correlation dimension of a time series can be a tricky business, especially with small data sets! One concern is the expected dependence of the CD on the embedding dimension m. In the case of a chaotic function, the value of the CD, v, should approach a finite limit as m increases without bound.…”

“…Because of our ability to generate time-series image data, we have explored whether evidence might be gained from analysis of such data that is consistent with previous reports, which were based on surface measures, indicating that the vascular response may be governed by chaotic nonlinear processes. 6 To examine this we have computed two measures, the correlation dimension (CD), and the maximum Lyapunov exponent (mLE) from pixel data obtained from the reconstructed image time series. These results are shown in Figures 3 and 4.…”

“…The CD of a time series is found by first computing the correlation integral,15 C(r) .1O(r_X _X)/N2 (6) where N is the number of data vectors, and O(z) is the Heaviside function: O(z) = 1 if z 0, 0(z) = 0 if z < 0. The operation defined by Eq.…”

Reverse Engineering of Thermoregulatory Cold-Induced Vasoconstriction/Vasodilation during Localized Cooling

“…In other words, the LH-CIVD can be considered an individual-dependent characteristic. The proposed LH-CIVD term combined three main factors that are believed to affect the thermostatic responses, namely, the rate of cooling [35], the temperature to which the skin is cooled [36], and the duration of exposure [37]. The second-order TF (6) describing the CIVD reaction was decomposed into two first-order TFs with a parallel configuration (the same as described in Figure 5) as the most mathematically suitable configuration (average = 0.93 ± 0.01).…”