Is there an effect of storage depth on the persistence of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) seeds? A seed burial experiment

Tiebel, Katharina; Huth, Franka; Wagner, Sven

doi:10.3832/ifor3685-014

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Fruit production was logarithmically transformed to improve model convergence. Because rowan seeds germinate 1 or 2 years after seed dispersal, we summed seed production over the last 2 years (Tiebel et al, 2018(Tiebel et al, , 2021.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masting increases seedling recruitment near and far: Predator satiation and improved dispersal in a fleshy‐fruited tree

et al. 2022

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The animal dispersal hypothesis predicts that mast seeding can increase dispersal rate of seeds by dispersers and enhance reproductive success of plants. However, in contrast to pollination efficiency and predator satiation hypothesis, the animal dispersal hypothesis has received mixed support. Using 12‐year data on fruit production and seedling recruitment of a fleshy‐fruited tree rowan (Sorbus aucuparia, Rosaceae), we tested if an increase in the fruit production at the population level results in higher proportion of fruits recruiting into seedlings. Recruitment was recorded near (under rowans) and far (under heterospecifics) from conspecifics. Higher recruitment rates under rowans would support predator satiation hypothesis. Higher recruitment rates under heterospecific trees, where fruits can only arrive with animal assistance, would support animal dispersal hypothesis. High population‐level fruit production increased the proportion of fruits recruiting into seedlings both near and far from rowans. In contrast, high individual‐level fruit production did not have a positive effect on the proportion of fruits recruiting into seedlings. Synthesis. Population‐level synchronisation of fruit production is required to generate a more effective plant regeneration. Our findings show that masting enhances seedling recruitment through predator satiation and increased seed dispersal by frugivores. The results provide support for both animal dispersal and predator satiation hypotheses indicating that both mechanisms can operate simultaneously.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Masting increases seedling recruitment near and far: Predator satiation and improved dispersal in a fleshy‐fruited tree

et al. 2022

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“…Buried seeds are exposed to different storage conditions and predators at different soil depths, so the seed viability rate always decreases with longer storage time, affecting the species-specific seed survival rates (Dalling et al 1998;Gang et al 2015;Narwal et al 2008). Seeds of Betula pendula and Betula pubescence exhibit viability timeframes of between one to more than 13 years depending on soil moisture (Skoglund and Verwijst 1989;Tiebel et al 2021).…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sarvas (1952) claimed that birch seeds decompose in the soil over a period of 5-7 years, while Granström (1987) found partly degraded and viable birch seeds in the soil after 5 years' storage. To maintain a birch seed bank in the soil, every few years replenishment facilitated by several trees is necessary (Tiebel et al 2021).…”

Section: Effect Of Soil Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A rapid regeneration of disturbed forest areas can be achieved by exploiting these succession dynamics (Knocke et al 2008;Zerbe 2009). The most common pioneer tree species in the temperate forests of central Europe are Betula pendula Roth, Salix caprea L., Populus tremula L. and Sorbus aucuparia L. (Zerbe 2001), but only silver birch (Betula pendula) is able to build up a persistent soil seed bank (Bakker et al 1996;Plohak et al 2020;Tiebel et al 2018Tiebel et al , 2021. Birch can produce 0.3 to 6.5 million seeds, depending on whether it's a non-mast or a mast year (Tiebel et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…to establish a soil seed bank persisting for 5 to more than 13 years is an advantage for the species (Granström 1987;Skoglund and Verwijst 1989;Tiebel et al 2021). Seedlings can recruit from soil seed banks, even after seed trees have already disappeared from a particular area or a seed rain cannot reach the area because of limited seed dispersal distances (see Fenner 1985;Tiebel et al 2017Tiebel et al , 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Which factors influence the density of birch (Betula pendula Roth) seeds in soil seed banks in temperate woodlands?

Tiebel

2021

Eur J Forest Res

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The natural regeneration of disturbed forest sites is becoming increasingly important due to climate change. Following disturbance events affecting large areas seed trees are often absent from the site, and regeneration solely by means of seed rain may not be successful. In these situations, soil seed banks are an important driver of the regeneration and reforestation of forest sites. The aim of the study was to determine the birch seed density in the soil of birch stands, spruce–birch stands and spruce stands dependent upon the number of seed trees (stands) and upon varying degrees of ground cover using the ‘seedling emergence method.’ The study revealed a significant link between the quantity of germinated birch seedlings in soil samples and the presence of seed sources. Seedling densities of birch in the different stand categories reached 2644–6414 seedlings per m2 [n m−2] in birch stands, 392–759 n m−2 in spruce–birch stands and 25–122 n m−2 in pure spruce stands. The density of germinated birch seedlings was also negatively affected by the soil layer. In all stand types, the factors humus thickness, litter cover, moss cover and herb cover had no significant influence on the amount of birch seedlings. Successful rapid regeneration of disturbed sites by means of the birch soil seed bank is guaranteed in cases where birch stands, or at least birch seed trees, were present before the event. The influence of ground cover on the regeneration potential of birch from the soil is negligible.

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Global warming could shorten the seed lifespan of pioneer tree species and thus natural regeneration window of damaged areas

Tiebel,

Dahlmann,

Karge

2023

Eur J Forest Res

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Prolonged periods without precipitation in spring prevent timely and rapid germination of pioneer tree seeds and could lead to an accelerated loss of germination capacity (reduced lifespan). To get knowledge about the shortening of seed lifespan and, thus, the shortening of natural regeneration windows under climate change, an experiment was conducted. Seeds of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Populus tremula, Salix caprea, Larix decidua, Pinus sylvestris, and Picea abies were exposed to temperatures of 15 °C, 25 °C (past or present climate), and 40 °C (future climate) with low or high humidity for a period of 3 months. Regardless of air humidity, the initial germination percentage of Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, Larix decidua, and Pinus sylvestris seeds decreased only slightly by 5–15% over the 91-day period when stored at 15 °C and 25 °C. For Populus tremula and Salix caprea, time windows of maximum 14–49 days and 42–91 days were identified, respectively.However, as climate change progresses with rising temperatures and increasing absolute air humidity values, the window of opportunity for successful germination will shorten for all studied tree species. In the moist air humidity variant of 40 °C, the germination percentage dropped to 0% after 42 days for Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, and Larix decidua. The natural regeneration window will be reduced by half from more than three months to about three weeks under climate change. The lifespan of Populus tremula and Salix caprea seeds will be shortened to 1 week. For Picea abies, the time window will shorten to a maximum of 28 days.

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Is there an effect of storage depth on the persistence of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.) seeds? A seed burial experiment

Abstract: Biogeosciences and Forestry Biogeosciences and ForestryIs there an effect of storage depth on the persistence of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) and rowan (Sorbus aucuparia L.

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Masting increases seedling recruitment near and far: Predator satiation and improved dispersal in a fleshy‐fruited tree

Masting increases seedling recruitment near and far: Predator satiation and improved dispersal in a fleshy‐fruited tree

Which factors influence the density of birch (Betula pendula Roth) seeds in soil seed banks in temperate woodlands?

Global warming could shorten the seed lifespan of pioneer tree species and thus natural regeneration window of damaged areas

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