Is there an association between congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and cesarean delivery?

Alakuş, Mehmet Fuat; Dag, Umut; Balsak, Selahattin; Erdem, Seyfettin; Öncül, Hasan; Akgöl, Sedat; Diri, Halit

doi:10.1177/1120672119889522

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Infants born via primary cesarean section are not exposed to an increased intrauterine pressure and lytic enzymes, which are considered to be effective mechanisms in the development of CNLDO [5][6][7][8]15]. Therefore, if the mode of delivery had been vaginal in some of our cases that underwent primary cesarean section, CNLDO may have not developed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the need for silicon tube implantation in cases of congenital dacriostenosis: Time of delivery, mode of delivery and age of operation

Yavuz

İlhan

Ersoy

2022

Preprint

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Purpose To evaluate the delivery time, mode of delivery, age at the time of operation, and surgical methods applied in cases of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO). Methods This study retrospectively included a total of 207 eyes of 160 patients who underwent surgery for CNLDO between February 2012 and April 2021. According to their age at the time of operation, the patients were divided into 0–12, 12–24, 24–36, 36–48 and > 48 months groups. The cases were evaluated as term/preterm according to the delivery time and cesarean section/vaginal delivery according to the mode of delivery. The surgical methods applied were examined as probing alone and probing plus silicone tube implantation. Results Of the cases, 190 (91.8%) were born at term and 17 (0.08%) were born preterm, and there was no statistically significant difference in the silicone tube implantation rates according to the time of delivery. The rate of tube implantation was statistically significantly higher in the vaginal delivery group than in the cesarean section group (p = 0.001; p < 0.01). The rate of silicone tube implantation was higher in those who were older than the age of the operation. Conclusions Although the rate of those who were born by cesarean section was higher in probing cases, those who required silicone intubation were more common in those who were born vaginally. This suggests that dacryostenosis in the vaginally born cases resulted from a persistent structural and anatomical obstruction despite the presence of a high intrauterine pressure increase and enzymatic lysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the need for silicon tube implantation in cases of congenital dacriostenosis: Time of delivery, mode of delivery and age of operation

Yavuz

İlhan

Ersoy

2022

Preprint

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“…The prevalence of CNLDO in Down syndrome has been reported to be 5-30% [6][7][8] and the bilateral obstruction is the most observed disease pattern among above children. Moreover, there are conflicting opinions on whether childbirth through cesarean section increases the chance of the occurrence of the CNLDO [3,[9][10][11][12]. The nasolacrimal duct is formed by canalization of the caudal extremity of an epithelial cord derived from the ectoderm in the naso-optic fissure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Success rates of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction at various ages

Świerczyńska

Tobiczyk²,

Rodak

et al. 2020

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background Although nasolacrimal duct probing is the standard treatment for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) among children, the optimal timing of this procedure has been a topic of debate. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical efficacy of nasolacrimal duct probing among patients with CNLDO symptoms at various ages. Methods An 8-year retrospective study involved 2434 patients (3009 eyes), who underwent nasolacrimal duct probing conducted under topical anesthesia in the operating theatre. The study group consisted of 1148 girls (47.2%) and 1286 boys (52.8%) from 2 weeks to 41 months (average age was 8 ± 5.6 months). The participants were divided into nine age groups: 0–2 months, 3–6 months, 7–9 months, 10–12 months, 13–15 months, 16–18 months, 19–21 months, 22–24 months and over 24 months. Results Bilateral obstruction was present among 575 (23.6%) children and was associated with a higher percentage of unsuccessful procedures compared to patients with unilateral obstruction (16.9% vs 10.2%, p < 0.001 Chi-square test). The success rate of the initial probing was 87.2% for all children and it was shown that it decreased with age. In the above age groups, it was 87.9%; 91.4%; 89.6%; 86%; 76.3%; 71.3%; 70.3%; 70.2%; 65.4%, respectively. Conclusions Probing is a safe and effective procedure. However, age at the time of the initial intervention and bilateral surgery constitute significant risk factors for failed probing. Probing between 7 and 9 months appears to be reasonable treatment strategy for children without recurrent infections. Early surgical intervention may be considered for patients with additional signs.

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“…However, they found a significant relationship between the complex type CNLDO (n = 28) and cesarean delivery (p = 0.016). Alakus et al [17] suggested no relationship between CNLDO and CS delivery. However, in patients born via first delivery, the CS delivery rate in patients with CNLDO (58.7%) was significantly higher than those without CNLDO (20.7%) (p < 0.001) [17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alakus et al [17] suggested no relationship between CNLDO and CS delivery. However, in patients born via first delivery, the CS delivery rate in patients with CNLDO (58.7%) was significantly higher than those without CNLDO (20.7%) (p < 0.001) [17]. They stated that permanent pelvic floor damage develops in the first vaginal delivery, which causes less labor pressure and fetus compression in the following vaginal deliveries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, symptomatic nasolacrimal duct obstruction may be fewer in babies born via vaginal delivery. Some studies suggested that frequency of CNLDO was higher in children born via CS [12][13][14][15], whereas some data indicated no association between the mode of delivery and CNLDO [16][17][18]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the probable effect of mode of delivery, gestational age, and birth weight on CNLDO.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of cesarean section on the incidence of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction

Ulutaş

Gündüz

2021

The European Research Journal

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Objectives:The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of cesarean section (CS) on the incidence and recovery of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO). Methods: The files of patients diagnosed with CNLDO, epiphora, and dacryocystitis under the age of 24 months were identified retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether they were born via normal vaginal delivery (VD) or CS. Demographic data, gestational age, birth weight, application of lacrimal massage, and surgical treatment modalities were recorded from medical records. Results: The study included 173 consecutive patients, 68 were females and 105 were males. Eighty-two (47.4%) patients were born via VD and 91 (52.6%) patients were born via CS. The frequency of CS delivery in children with CNLDO (47.4%) was significantly higher than the same hospital's total frequency of CS delivery (40.2%) (χ 2 = 11, df = 1, p = 0.001). At presentation, the mean age of the patients born via CS was lower than patients born via VD (9.4 ± 6.8 months vs 12.07 ± 8.8 months) (p = 0.027). In 40 patients who had a family history of CNLDO, 23 patients recovered through non-surgical treatment, while 17 patients had a surgical intervention, which was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.009). The gestational age and birth weight of patients born via CS were significantly lower than patients born via VD (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Cesarean section delivery could increase the incidence of CNLDO.

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Is there an association between congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction and cesarean delivery?

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Factors affecting the need for silicon tube implantation in cases of congenital dacriostenosis: Time of delivery, mode of delivery and age of operation

Factors affecting the need for silicon tube implantation in cases of congenital dacriostenosis: Time of delivery, mode of delivery and age of operation

Success rates of probing for congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction at various ages

The effect of cesarean section on the incidence of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction

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