Is there an association between hypothyroidism and COVID 19?

Bakshi, Satvinder Singh; Kalidoss, Vinoth Kumar

doi:10.1007/s00508-021-01813-2

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Nevertheless, there is no evidence that the administration of thyroid hormones improves prognosis in those patients. We might also wonder that, in some studies that observed a correlation between thyroid dysfunction and more severe COVID-19 presentation, the alterations in thyroid hormone levels were actually due to NTIS, as opposed to an underlying previous clinical thyroid disease (Bakshi SS, 2021). So, these results have to be carefully analysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Pereira

Silveira

Guimarães

et al. 2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Background It is not clear whether previous thyroid diseases influence the course and outcomes of COVID-19. Methods The study is a part of a multicentric cohort of patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis from 37 hospitals. Matching for age, sex, number of comorbidities and hospital was performed for the paired analysis. Results From 7,762 COVID-19 patients, 526 had previously diagnosed hypothyroidism and 526 were matched controls. The median age was 70 years-old and 68.3% were females. The prevalence of comorbidities was similar, except for coronary and chronic kidney diseases that were higher in the hypothyroidism group (p=0.015 and p=0.001). D-dimer levels were lower in hypothyroid patients (p=0.037). In-hospital management was similar, but hospital length-of-stay (p=0.029) and mechanical ventilation requirement (p=0.006) were lower for patients with hypothyroidism. There was a trend of lower in-hospital mortality in patients with hypothyroidism (22.1% vs. 27.0%; p=0.062). Conclusion Patients with hypothyroidism had a lower requirement of mechanical ventilation, and showed a trend of lower in-hospital mortality. Therefore, hypothyroidism does not seem to be associated with a worse prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies have indeed observed that hypothyroidism may be associated with an increased risk for COVID-19 or a poorer prognosis in patients with the disease (Zhang Y, 2020;Bakshi SS, 2021). However, these studies are limited due to small sample sizes and lack of comparison with patients without hypothyroidism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Pereira

Silveira

Guimarães

et al. 2022

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We might also wonder that, in some studies that observed a correlation between thyroid dysfunction and more severe COVID-19 presentation, the alterations in thyroid hormone levels were actually due to NTIS, as opposed to an underlying previous clinical thyroid disease. 9 So, these results have to be carefully analysed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 The other previous cohort studies and case series were also limited by small sample sizes and lack of controls. 8,9,11,13,31,43,44 In the present study, a caliper width of 0.17 was used for the matched analysis. It is considered conservative and restricts the selection of controls which are indeed similar to the cases, as recommended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Pereira

Silveira

Guimarães

et al. 2021

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BackgroundIt is not clear whether previous thyroid diseases influence the course and outcomes of COVID-19. The study aims to compare clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with and without hypothyroidism.MethodsThe study is a part of a multicentric cohort of patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, including data collected from 37 hospitals. Matching for age, sex, number of comorbidities and hospital was performed to select the patients without hypothyroidism for the paired analysis.ResultsFrom 7,762 COVID-19 patients, 526 had previously diagnosed hypothyroidism (50%) and 526 were selected as matched controls. The median age was 70 (interquartile range 59.0-80.0) years-old and 68.3% were females. The prevalence of underlying comorbidities were similar between groups, except for coronary and chronic kidney diseases, that had a higher prevalence in the hypothyroidism group (9.7% vs. 5.7%, p=0.015 and 9.9% vs. 4.8%, p=0.001, respectively). At hospital presentation, patients with hypothyroidism had a lower frequency of respiratory rate > 24 breaths per minute (36.1% vs 42.0%; p=0.050) and need of mechanical ventilation (4.0% vs 7.4%; p=0.016). D-dimer levels were slightly lower in hypothyroid patients (2.3 times higher than the reference value vs 2.9 times higher; p=0.037). In-hospital management was similar between groups, but hospital length-of-stay (8 vs 9 days; p=0.029) and mechanical ventilation requirement (25.4% vs. 33.1%; p=0.006) were lower for patients with hypothyroidism. There was a trend of lower in-hospital mortality in patients with hypothyroidism (22.1% vs. 27.0%; p=0.062).ConclusionIn this large Brazilian COVID-19 Registry, patients with hypothyroidism had a lower requirement of mechanical ventilation, and showed a trend of lower in-hospital mortality. Therefore, hypothyroidism does not seem to be associated with a worse prognosis, and should not be considered among the comorbidities that indicate a risk factor for COVID-19 severity.

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Clinical presentation and prognosis of COVID-19 in older adults with hypothyroidism: data from the GeroCovid observational study

Bagalà

Sala

Trevisan

et al. 2023

J Endocrinol Invest

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Background The prevalence of hypothyroidism among older patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and its association with mortality is unclear. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of hypothyroidism in older COVID-19 inpatients and verify if this comorbidity is associated with a specific pattern of onset symptoms and a worse prognosis. Methods COVID-19 inpatients aged ≥ 60 years, participating in the GeroCovid acute wards cohort, were included. The history of hypothyroidism was derived from medical records and the use of thyroid hormones. Sociodemographic data, comorbidities, symptoms/signs at the disease onset and inflammatory markers at ward admission were compared between people with vs without history of hypothyroidism. The association between hypothyroidism and in-hospital mortality was tested through Cox regression. Results Of the 1245 patients included, 8.5% had a history of hypothyroidism. These patients were more likely to present arterial hypertension and obesity compared with those without an history of hypothyroidism. Concerning COVID-19 clinical presentation, patients with hypothyroidism had less frequently low oxygen saturation and anorexia but reported muscle pain and loss of smell more commonly than those without hypothyroidism. Among the inflammatory markers, patients with hypothyroidism had higher lymphocytes values. At Cox regression, hypothyroidism was associated with reduced in-hospital mortality only in the univariable model (HR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.45–0.96, p = 0.03); conversely, no significant result were observed after adjusting for potential confounders (HR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.47–1.03, p = 0.07). Conclusions Hypothyroidism does not seem to substantially influence the prognosis of COVID-19 in older people, although it may be associated with peculiar clinical and biochemical features at the disease onset. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40618-023-02048-w.

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Is there an association between hypothyroidism and COVID 19?

Abstract: Is there an association between hypothyroidism and COVID 19? 415

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Hypothyroidism does not lead to worse prognosis in COVID-19: findings from the Brazilian COVID-19 registry

Clinical presentation and prognosis of COVID-19 in older adults with hypothyroidism: data from the GeroCovid observational study

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