Is there a role for chromaffin progenitor cells in neurodegenerative diseases?

Ehrhart‐Bornstein, Monika; Chung, Kuei-Fang; Vukićević, Vladimir; Bornstein, Stefan R.

doi:10.1038/mp.2008.114

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Anxiety predicted suicidal behavior in some studies. 6;9;46;47 Others, including ours, failed to find such an association or found a protective effect, after adjusting for other psychiatric disorders. 26;48–54 …”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

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SSRI Versus Bupropion Effects on Symptom Clusters in Suicidal Depression

Grunebaum

Keilp²,

Ellis³

et al. 2013

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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Objective Identifying the depression symptoms most closely associated with suicidal thoughts and which medications provide the fastest relief may help suicide prevention. Method Post hoc analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind, eight-week clinical trial of the serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine (N=36) versus the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor bupropion (N=38) in patients with DSM-IV major depressive disorder and past suicide attempt or current suicidal thoughts. Treatment effects on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and Beck Depression Inventory symptom clusters were compared. We hypothesized a superior effect of paroxetine on non-suicide, affective/cognitive depression symptom clusters that our prior work found to be associated with suicidal thoughts and attempts. Data were collected from February 2005 to January 2010. Results There was a treatment main effect on HDRS Psychic Depression (depressed mood, guilt, retardation, helpless, hopeless, worthless) (estimate = −2.2, 95% CI = −3.2 to −1.1, t = −4.01, df = 67.16, p < 0.001), one of the clusters most strongly correlated to suicidal ideation. The net drug effect was 2.2 points lower average Psychic Depression scores after one week of paroxetine, compared to bupropion, and was statistically significant until Week 4. Results for other depression scale factors were non-significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion The results require replication, but suggest a pathway by which SSRI treatment may exert a stronger effect compared with NDRI treatment on reduction of suicidal thoughts during initial weeks of pharmacotherapy in these higher risk patients.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 47%

“…6 Ninety percent of unplanned and 60% of planned first attempts are reported to occur within a year of ideation onset. 7 Clinicians assess suicidal ideation because it predicts attempts 8 and suicide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SSRI Versus Bupropion Effects on Symptom Clusters in Suicidal Depression

Grunebaum

Keilp²,

Ellis³

et al. 2013

J. Clin. Psychiatry

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“…Genetic liability can increase vulnerability to environmental threats or increase susceptibility to the environment more generally, magnifying both positive and negative influences (Belsky et al 2009). Some evidence for both kinds of effects emerged here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We reasoned that dopamine genes in particular may be involved in G × E processes via altering an individual’s sensitivity to various environmental exposures at the neurobiological level. This, in turn may influence how behavior is modified and encoded in response to those events (Belsky et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD

Martel

Nikolas

Jernigan

et al. 2010

J Abnorm Child Psychol

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prime candidate for exploration of gene-by-environment interaction (i.e., G × E), particularly in relation to dopamine system genes, due to strong evidence that dopamine systems are dysregulated in the disorder. Using a G × E design, we examined whether the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat polymorphism, previously associated with ADHD, moderated the effects of inconsistent parenting and marital conflict on ADHD or Oppositional-Defiant Disorder (ODD). Participants were 548 children with ADHD and non-ADHD comparison children and their parents. Homozygosity for the DRD4 promoter 120-bp tandem repeat insertion allele increased vulnerability for ADHD and ODD only in the presence of inconsistent parenting and appeared to increase susceptibility to the influence of increased child self-blame for marital conflict on ADHD inattention. DRD4 genotypes may interact with these proximal family environmental risk factors by increasing the individual’s responsivity to environmental contingencies.

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“…Although suicidal behavior is usually associated with depression (8), most antidepressant trials have excluded suicidal patients and did not assess ideation and behavior systematically, limiting data (9). Depression predicts suicide attempts via its effect on suicidal ideation (10). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketamine for Rapid Reduction of Suicidal Thoughts in Major Depression: A Midazolam-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

Grunebaum

Galfalvy

Choo

et al. 2018

AJP

326

198

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Objective Pharmacotherapy to rapidly relieve suicidal ideation in depression may reduce suicide risk. Rapid reduction in suicidal thoughts after ketamine treatment has mostly been studied in patients with low levels of suicidal ideation. Method This randomized clinical trial tested the effect of adjunctive sub-anesthetic intravenous ketamine on clinically significant suicidal ideation in major depressive disorder (MDD). Adults (N=80) with current MDD and score ≥4 on the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI), of whom 54% (N=43) were taking antidepressant medication, were randomized to ketamine or midazolam infusion. The primary outcome was Day 1 SSI score (24 hours post-infusion). Other outcomes included global depression and adverse effects. Results Reduction of SSI score was 4.96 points greater after ketamine compared with midazolam at Day 1 (95% confidence interval (CI)=2.33 to 7.59; p=0.0003; Cohen’s d=0.75). Proportion of responders (≥50% reduction in SSI) at Day 1 was 55% after ketamine and 30% after midazolam (OR=2.85 (95% CI=1.14 to 7.15); p=0.0237; NNT=4.00). Improvement in the Profile of Mood States (POMS) depression subscale was greater at Day 1 compared with midazolam treatment (Estimate=7.65 (95% CI=1.36 to 13.94), df=75, t=2.42, p=0.0178), and this effect mediated 33.6% of ketamine’s effect on SSI score. Side effects were short-lived. Benefit was sustained for up to six weeks with clinical pharmacotherapy. Conclusions Adjunctive ketamine demonstrated greater reduction of clinically significant suicidal ideation in depressed patients within 24 hours compared to midazolam, partially independent of antidepressant effect. Research is needed to understand ketamine’s mechanism of action and to develop safe, longer-term treatment.

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Is there a role for chromaffin progenitor cells in neurodegenerative diseases?

Cited by 16 publications

References 13 publications

SSRI Versus Bupropion Effects on Symptom Clusters in Suicidal Depression

SSRI Versus Bupropion Effects on Symptom Clusters in Suicidal Depression

The Dopamine Receptor D4 Gene (DRD4) Moderates Family Environmental Effects on ADHD

Ketamine for Rapid Reduction of Suicidal Thoughts in Major Depression: A Midazolam-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial

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