Is There a Role for Prostate Tumour Overexpressed-1 in the Diagnosis of HGPIN and of Prostatic Adenocarcinoma? A Comparison with α-Methylacyl CoA Racemase

Abstract

Prostate Tumour Overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) was recently identified as a novel gene and protein during a differential display screening for genes overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa). α-Methyl-CoA racemose (AMACR) mRNA was identified as being overexpressed in PCa. PTOV1 and racemase were immunohistochemically evaluated in PCa, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), atrophy and normal-looking epithelium (NEp) in 20 radical prostatectomies (RPs) with pT2a Gleason score 6 prostate cancer with the aim of analyzing the differences in marker expression between PTOV1 and AMACR. The level of expression of PTOV1 and AMACR increased from NEp and atrophy through HGPIN, away from and adjacent to prostate cancer, to PCa. With the ROC curve analysis the overall accuracy in distinguishing PCa vs HGPIN away from and adjacent to cancer was higher for AMACR than for PTOV1. In conclusion, AMACR can be considered a more accurate marker than PTOV1 in the identification of HGPIN and of PCa. However, PTOV1 may aid in the diagnosis of PCa, at least to supplement AMACR as another positive marker of carcinoma and to potentially increase diagnostic accuracy.

Topographic and quantitative relationship between prostate inflammation, proliferative inflammatory atrophy and low-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: A biopsy study in chronic prostatitis patients

“…4 and 5). The increasing evidence aimed at linking PIA, inflammation and PCa extends to findings involving the role of corpora amylacea (22), the expression of the prostate tumor overexpressed-1 (PTOV1) gene in atrophy (23), the involvement of immune regulatory cells (e.g., TH17 cells) and cytokines, and the influence of a number of PCa-associated polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene (reviewed in refs. 17 and 24).…”

The role of prostate tumor overexpressed 1 in cancer progression

“…This higher expression in HGPIN was found helpful to discriminate those premalignant lesions associated with cancer, suggesting the potential value of PTOV1 detection in the early diagnosis of PC [28]. Of interest, the proportions of Ki-67 positive nuclei and the levels of PTOV1 in HGPIN areas adjacent to cancer lesions are higher than those found in HGPIN areas away from the cancer, supporting the concept of field cancerization or field effect in prostatic carcinogenesis [29, 30]. More recently, the expression of PTOV1 in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), a proliferative lesion of the transition zone of the prostate that morphologically resembles low grade carcinoma, has been associated with PC [31].…”

“…In pre-neoplastic lesions of High Grade Prostate Epithelial Neoplasia, HGPIN, associated with prostate carcinomas, PTOV1 expression is increased compared to the normal prostate epithelium [28, 29]. This higher expression in HGPIN was found helpful to discriminate those premalignant lesions associated with cancer, suggesting the potential value of PTOV1 detection in the early diagnosis of PC [28].…”

Gene Panel Model Predictive of Outcome in Patients with Prostate Cancer

“…Several molecules have been proposed as positive immunohistological markers of prostate carcinoma, the most widely used being a-methylacyl coenzyme A racemase (AMACR) which is expressed in 80%-100% of prostate adenocarcinomas (Dabir et al, 2012;Kumaresan et al, 2010;Scarpelli et al, 2012;Trpkov et al, 2009).…”