Is There a Case - Legally and Politically - for Direct Effect of WTO Obligations?

Fabri, Hélène Ruiz

doi:10.1093/ejil/chu014

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…impunity (Korten, 2015). Thus, contrary to the argument that the WTO law is not "politically ready" for direct effect, if the WTO aims to achieve an effective interactional law that is supportive of its obligations, as envisioned in its law, then it should facilitate the interplay between the WTO and domestic law (Fabri, 2014). Furthermore, the argument that allowing direct effect represents a danger to democracy, as it might conflict with the legitimate will of the legislatures, is unsubstantiated (Jackson, 1992).…”

Section: The Wto Dsb and The Congruence Between Official Action And The Lawmentioning

confidence: 95%

The WTO practice of legality is ensuring transparency for self-enforcing trade

Altamimi

2018

JITLP

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Purpose One of the core objectives of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) is to maintain a practice of legality, including guaranteeing state and non-state actors interact based on the world trade norms. In seeking to achieve this objective, the WTO aims to uphold the trade rule of law by emphasising compliance with specified rules and procedures during the accession process, dispute settlement and trade policy review. This study aims to review these compliance procedures by invoking the interactional international law concept of a community of legal practice. Second, it briefly illuminates Chad Bown’s proposal to establish an institute for assessing WTO commitments to improve member states’ remit to detect, challenge and deter noncompliance. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on Jutta Brunnée and Stephen Toope’s Interactional Theory of International Law. Findings There is a strong link between transparency and enforcement in WTO law. The efficacy of the WTO law depends not only on its role in adjudication, but also on facilitating interactional legal practices, within and outside the WTO. Originality/value This paper offers an original analysis of the practices of compliance with WTO obligations and illuminates a new proposal for improving compliance. To attract and maintain compliance, the WTO needs to facilitate transparent interactional legal practices for states and non-state actors.

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Section: The Wto Dsb and The Congruence Between Official Action And The Lawmentioning

confidence: 95%

The WTO practice of legality is ensuring transparency for self-enforcing trade

Altamimi

2018

JITLP

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“…Secondly, the Charter cannot expand the scope of the competence of the EU and create additional tasks; however, the international instrument on business and human rights might create such tasks and new rules within the scope of EU competence. The CJ EU analysed international agreements case-by-case and although in general it accepted direct effect of international agreements (Stoynov, 2017: 49-52), some agreements, such as the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, were deprived of such effect (Fabri, 2014;Jeney, 2015). The direct effect of international agreements is based of several criteria developed by the CJ EU (Stoynov, 2017: 52-55) that are linked to the content of agreements and enforcement mechanisms on international as well as national level.…”

Section: From Un Guiding Principles On Business and Human Rights To Z...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal challenges for the European Union concerning an international treaty on business and human rights

Blažo¹,

Máčaj

2021

Rev. Derecho Comunitario Eur.

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Las violaciones de los derechos humanos perpetradas por empresas son una realidad que ha sido un tema de derecho internacional y órganos de los derechos humanos por un período considerable. A lo largo de los años, se contemplaron diversas propuestas e instrumentos de carácter diverso para la regulación de la conducta empresarial. Todos son objeto de un intenso escrutinio y se han convertido en elementos polémicos entre los Estados involucrados en las negociaciones. El único documento adoptado por consenso en las Naciones Unidas, los Principios Rectores sobre Empresas y Derechos Humanos, contiene reglas no vinculantes. Sin embargo, los intentos de producir un tratado internacional vinculante nunca cesaron y actualmente se debaten con una participación considerable de la Unión Europea (UE). El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el progreso en el marco de desarrollo de las relaciones de las actividades comerciales con los derechos humanos, considerar la participación de la UE y determinar si la UE puede seguir avanzando en el estándar de protección, especialmente si tiene competencia suficiente para concluir el posible acuerdo de empresas y derechos humanos y qué enfoques son viables para que la UE implemente dicho acuerdo en su ordenamiento jurídico.

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“…However, occasionally some commentators voiced opinions that WTO obligations are established not only to protect individual interests but also to achieve a "common interest" which consists of "defending the system itself". 753 It is argued that in such a case "the applicant plays a dual role and the complainant has effect of its action on behalf of the international community. 754 Such a conception of WTO obligations allows for WTO member to act by way of actio popularis.…”

Section: Determining the Nature Of Wto Obligations And Their Legal Consequences: The Problem Of A Legal Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Right of <i>Actio Popularis</i> before International Courts and Tribunals

Ahmadov¹

2018

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Is There a Case - Legally and Politically - for Direct Effect of WTO Obligations?

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The WTO practice of legality is ensuring transparency for self-enforcing trade

The WTO practice of legality is ensuring transparency for self-enforcing trade

Legal challenges for the European Union concerning an international treaty on business and human rights

The Right of <i>Actio Popularis</i> before International Courts and Tribunals

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