Is the timing of caloric intake associated with variation in diet-induced thermogenesis and in the metabolic pattern? A randomized cross-over study

Bo, Simona; Fadda, M.; Castiglione, Anna; Ciccone, Giovannino; Francesco, Antonella De; Fedele, D.; Guggino, Alice; Parasiliti-Caprino, Mirko; Ferrara, Skylar J.; Boggio, Maurizio; Mengozzi, Giulio; Ghigo, Ezio; Maccario, Mauro; Broglio, Fabio

doi:10.1038/ijo.2015.138

Cited by 130 publications

(174 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…A greater weight loss at 'breakfast only' versus 'dinner only' is in accordance with circadian variation in diet-induced thermogenesis, which is higher in the morning than in the evening in healthy people [23] . Weight loss on 'breakfast only' was smaller on a freechoice meal, even though subjects consumed fewer than 2,000 kcal on a free-choice meal.…”

Section: Caloric Restriction Longevity and Circadian Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Chronobiology of Aging: A Mini-Review

Cornélissen

Otsuka

2016

Gerontology

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Aging is generally associated with weakening of the circadian system. The circadian amplitude is reduced and the circadian acrophase becomes more labile, tending to occur earlier with advancing age. As originally noted by Franz Halberg, similar features are observed in the experimental laboratory after bilateral lesioning of the suprachiasmatic nuclei, suggesting the involvement of clock genes in the aging process as they are in various disease conditions. Recent work has been shedding light on underlying pathways involved in the aging process, with the promise of interventions to extend healthy life spans. Caloric restriction, which is consistently and reproducibly associated with prolonging life in different animal models, is associated with an increased circadian amplitude. These results indicate the critical importance of chronobiology in dealing with problems of aging, from the circadian clock machinery orchestrating metabolism to the development of geroprotectors. The quantitative estimation of circadian rhythm characteristics interpreted in the light of time-specified reference values helps (1) to distinguish effects of natural healthy aging from those associated with disease and predisease; (2) to detect alterations in rhythm characteristics as markers of increased risk before there is overt disease; and (3) to individually optimize by timing prophylactic and/or therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring a disturbed circadian system and/or enhancing a healthy life span. Mapping changes in amplitude and/or acrophase that may overshadow any change in average value also avoids drawing spurious conclusions resulting from data collected at a fixed clock hour. Timely risk detection combined with treatment optimization by timing (chronotherapy) is the goal of several ongoing comprehensive community-based studies focusing on the well-being of the elderly, so that longevity is not achieved at the cost of a reduced quality of life.

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Section: Caloric Restriction Longevity and Circadian Rhythmsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Chronobiology of Aging: A Mini-Review

Cornélissen

Otsuka

2016

Gerontology

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“…This is then consistent with the etymology to break the fast and may work for some as a general 52 description of breakfast but is logically flawed and not overly helpful as a scientific definition.…”

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confidence: 68%

“…There is some evidence that DIT is greater in the morning than later in the day (52,53) fasting/feeding, DIT during the afternoon was greater following breakfast (34) or not different 331 relative to fasting when measured 1 and 4 hours after lunch (28) . Where energy intake has been 332 matched across 24 hours following breakfast omission by increasing intake at subsequent meals,…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is breakfast the most important meal of the day?

et al. 2016

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1The Bath Breakfast Project is a series of randomised controlled trials exploring the effects of 2 extended morning fasting on energy balance and health. These trials were categorically not 3 designed to answer whether or not breakfast is the most important meal of the day. However, this The broad field of nutrition and health is rife with myths, misconceptions and frequently 24 posed yet seemingly fundamental questions that we intuitively feel should have simple answers. 25Is a calorie a calorie? Is obesity due to eating too much or doing too little? Is breakfast the most 26 important meal of the day? Often there are simple answers, the first two being central to the 27 themes considered in this review and both absolutely yes (just as a second is a second, one 28

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“…Another possible explanation for the association with lower overweight and obesity reported in our study and in the literature may be due to confounding factors such as the timing of food consumption, or eating patterns of breakfast and cereal consumers that may be more favourable for the regulation of body weight [65,66]. For example, timing of food intake can influence energy regulation and reduce risk of weight gain [65]. Further, reverse causality may be a confounder, with breakfast and cereal consumption as markers for other healthful lifestyle factors among children that may have a greater influence on weight regulation than the breakfast or cereal per se [67].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…It is necessary to investigate the impact of breakfast choice and perhaps type of cereal (higher sugar versus lower sugar, high fibre, wholegrain), on anthropometric measures in longer-term trials. Another possible explanation for the association with lower overweight and obesity reported in our study and in the literature may be due to confounding factors such as the timing of food consumption, or eating patterns of breakfast and cereal consumers that may be more favourable for the regulation of body weight [65,66]. For example, timing of food intake can influence energy regulation and reduce risk of weight gain [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Impact of Breakfast Skipping and Breakfast Choice on the Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index of Australian Children

Fayet‐Moore

Kim²,

Sritharan³

et al. 2016

Nutrients

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Recent data on breakfast consumption among Australian children are limited. This study examined the impact of breakfast skipping and breakfast type (cereal or non-cereal) on nutrient intakes, likelihood of meeting nutrient targets and anthropometric measures. A secondary analysis of two 24-h recall data from the 2007 Australian National Children’s Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey was conducted (2–16 years; n = 4487) to identify (a) breakfast skippers and (b) breakfast consumers, with breakfast consumers further sub-divided into (i) non-cereal and (ii) cereal consumers. Only 4% skipped breakfast and 59% of skippers were 14–16 years. Breakfast consumers had significantly higher intakes of calcium and folate, and significantly lower intakes of total fat than breakfast skippers. Cereal consumers were more likely to meet targets and consume significantly higher fibre, calcium, iron, had significantly higher intakes of folate, total sugars and carbohydrate, and significantly lower intakes of total fat and sodium than non-cereal consumers. The prevalence of overweight was lower among breakfast consumers compared to skippers, and among cereal consumers compared to-cereal consumers (p < 0.001), while no significant differences were observed for mean body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, waist circumference and physical activity level across the categories. Breakfast and particularly breakfast cereal consumption contributes important nutrients to children’s diets.

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Is the timing of caloric intake associated with variation in diet-induced thermogenesis and in the metabolic pattern? A randomized cross-over study

Cited by 130 publications

References 49 publications

Chronobiology of Aging: A Mini-Review

Chronobiology of Aging: A Mini-Review

Is breakfast the most important meal of the day?

Impact of Breakfast Skipping and Breakfast Choice on the Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index of Australian Children

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