Is the public sector of your country a diffusion borrower? Empirical evidence from Brazil

Abstract

We propose a diffusion process to describe the global dynamic evolution of credit operations at a national level given observed operations at a subnational level in a sovereign country. Empirical analysis with a unique dataset from Brazilian federate constituents supports the conclusions. Despite the heterogeneity observed in credit operations at a subnational level, the aggregated dynamics at a national level were accurately described by the proposed model. Results may guide management of public finances, particularly debt manager authorities in charge of reaching surplus targets.

Getting to a feasible income equality

“…The non-linear behavior of the individual welfare described above can be represented by a sigmoid function with two constants, μ and α (Eq 2 and Fig 2B ). A sigmoid function is an "Sshaped" non-linear function, which is used in a wide range of research fields, such as Fermi-Dirac distribution in Physics [37], and logistic function and welfare function for resource consumption in Economics [38][39][40]. The sigmoid welfare function is monotonically increasing from 0 (full unhappiness or dissatisfaction) to 1 (full happiness or satisfaction).…”

“…where W is the total social welfare of a given society, distribution in Physics [37] and logistic function in Economics [38,39]. The sigmoid welfare function is monotonically increasing from 0 (full unhappiness or dissatisfaction) to 1 (full happiness or satisfaction).…”

Magnetism-Inspired Quantum-Mechanical Model of Gender Fluidity

“…Although the illustration of gender fluidity in Figure 2a and the macrospin picture Figure 2b were intuitively designed following a sigmoid-like trajectory, a sigmoidal character of the result presented in Figure 2c has a solid scientific meaning. Indeed, it is well-established that the sigmoid function and its modifications play a central role virtually in all areas of fundamental and applied research [63][64][65], including the studies aimed to reveal how languages [66] and culture [67] change with time as well as how new ideas are born and spread in the society [68]. Yet, this function also fits many theoretical intuitions [69] and experimental datasets [69][70][71][72][73] obtained in the fields of psychology, economics, human behaviour and decision-making.…”

Magnetism-Inspired Quantum-Mechanical Model of Gender Fluidity

“…Indeed, it is well-established that the sigmoid function and its modifications play a central role virtually in all areas of fundamental and applied research [63][64][65], including the studies aimed to reveal how languages [66] and culture [67] change with time as well as how new ideas are born and spread in the society [68]. Yet, this function also fits many theoretical intuitions [69] and experimental datasets [69][70][71][72][73] obtained in the fields of psychology, economics, human behaviour and decision-making.…”