Is the IL1RA/IL1B Ratio a Suitable Biomarker for Subclinical Endometritis in Dairy Cows?

Abstract

The adequate expression of cytokines is essential for the prevention and healing of bovine endometrial inflammation. This study investigated the intra-uterine concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)1B and its antagonist IL1RA in cows with and without subclinical endometritis (SE). Samples were taken from 37 uteri at the abattoir and 26 uteri in vivo. Uterine secretion samples were classified as showing no signs of SE (SEneg; polymorphonuclear neutrophil granulocyte (PMN) < 5%) or showing signs of SE (SEpos; PMN ≥ 5%). Concentrations and ratios for IL1B and IL1RA were measured using a commercial and a newly established AlphaLISA kit, respectively. In both groups, a higher concentration of IL1B was detected in the SEpos group compared with the SEneg group (abattoir: p = 0.027; in vivo p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the concentration of IL1RA (p > 0.05). In uterine secretion samples retrieved in vivo, a lower IL1RA/IL1B ratio was detected in the SEpos group compared with the SEneg group (p = 0.002). The results of this study highlight the important role of IL1B and IL1RA during endometritis and the potential of the IL1RA/IL1B ratio as a possible biomarker for SE.

Postpartum uterine health, and energy metabolism of primiparous and multiparous crossbred dairy cows raised in the Amazon biome

“…In that regard, the spatiotemporal distribution and function of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), patch 2 (PTCH2), the receptors of estradiol 1 and 2 (ESR1 and ESR2), and progesterone (PGR) in the uterus have been associated with postpartum uterine remodeling and recovery which may provide a healthy environment for new conception (Gonella-Diaza et al, 2015; Takatsu and Acosta, 2015). Furthermore, during postpartum endometrial repair, the innate immune response to infections caused by pathogens is partially mediated by pro-in ammatory cytokines and chemokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and IL-8 (Fischer et al, 2010;Foley et al, 2012;Kneidl et al, 2022;Peralta et al, 2023). In turn, the resolution of in ammation may also be supported by secretion of IL-10 (Dadarwal et al, 2017).…”