Is the Idea of Human Replacement too Far-Fetched?

Abstract

Public sector organizations are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence (AI). However, its implementation is creating controversy regarding its impact on the labor market (technological unemployment). The purpose of this chapter is to determine whether the idea that AI will replace human labor within the public sector is realistic, or it is too exaggerated. A systematic review of the literature and an analysis of cases in three different contexts were developed. The results show a framework that foresees positive future scenarios, and it is glimpsed that the relationship between humans and AI will be perfected over time to ensure that the benefits of this relationship are legitimate for public organizations.