Is the host heme incorporated in microbial heme‐proteins?

Tiburzi, Federica; Imperi, Francesco; Visca, Paolo

doi:10.1002/iub.123

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Once internalized, iron and heme follow specific fates, balancing the nutritional needs with storage and preservation of the bacterium from potential toxicity. Hemic iron can be released by IsdG or IsdI through their oxygenase activity or, based on the "heme hijacking hypothesis", the heme acquired from the host can be exploited as a cofactor in the bacterial heme-proteins, for example in cytochromes [53,173,174]. This process could possibly be energetically favorable to S. aureus, explaining its preference for heme as an iron source.…”

Section: Heme and Iron Homeostasis Inside S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Metabolism at the Interface between Host and Pathogen: From Nutritional Immunity to Antibacterial Development

Marchetti

Bei

Bettati

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Nutritional immunity is a form of innate immunity widespread in both vertebrates and invertebrates. The term refers to a rich repertoire of mechanisms set up by the host to inhibit bacterial proliferation by sequestering trace minerals (mainly iron, but also zinc and manganese). This strategy, selected by evolution, represents an effective front-line defense against pathogens and has thus inspired the exploitation of iron restriction in the development of innovative antimicrobials or enhancers of antimicrobial therapy. This review focuses on the mechanisms of nutritional immunity, the strategies adopted by opportunistic human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus to circumvent it, and the impact of deletion mutants on the fitness, infectivity, and persistence inside the host. This information finally converges in an overview of the current development of inhibitors targeting the different stages of iron uptake, an as-yet unexploited target in the field of antistaphylococcal drug discovery.

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Section: Heme and Iron Homeostasis Inside S Aureusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Metabolism at the Interface between Host and Pathogen: From Nutritional Immunity to Antibacterial Development

Marchetti

Bei

Bettati

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Further important iron sources like heme scaffolds can be degraded in the cytosol by heme oxygenases which is accompanied by ferrous iron release, 121,122 or could be used directly as cofactors for incorporation into target proteins. 123 Iron that is released or imported in the ferric state may be subjected to a number of yet unknown reductive events before entering the main cytoplasmic trafficking routes. It can be assumed that cytosolic reduction of ferric iron also occurs in fungi, either after its cellular import via the Fet3p-Ftr1p system or after its transfer from vacuolar storage sites into the cytosol by homologous transporters like Fet5p-Fth1p in Saccharomyces.…”

Section: Intracellular Pathways For Iron Trafficking and Assimilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular strategies of microbial iron assimilation: from high-affinity complexes to cofactor assembly systems

Miethke

2013

Metallomics

107

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Microorganisms have to cope with restricted iron bioavailability in most environmental habitats as well as during host colonization. The continuous struggle for iron has brought forth a plethora of acquisition and assimilation strategies that share several functional and mechanistic principles. One common theme is the utilization of high-affinity chelators for extracellular iron mobilization, generally known as siderophore-dependent iron acquisition. This basic strategy is related with another central aspect of microbial iron acquisition, which is the release of the mobilized iron from extracellular sources to allow its transfer and incorporation into metabolically active proteins. A variety of mechanisms which are often coupled with high-affinity uptake have evolved to facilitate the removal of iron from siderophore ligands; however, they differ in many key aspects including substrate specificities and release efficiencies. The most sophisticated iron release pathways comprise processes of specific hydrolysis and reduction of ferric siderophores, especially in the case of high-affinity iron complexes with greatly negative redox potentials that often represent crucial factors for virulence development in bacterial and fungal pathogens. During the following steps of iron utilization, the acquired metal is transferred through intracellular trafficking pathways which may include diverse storage compartments in order to be directed to cofactor assembly systems and to final protein targeting. Several of these iron channeling routes have been described recently and provide first insights into the later steps of iron assimilation that characterize an essential part of the cellular iron homeostasis network.

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“…Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UroD) is a core component of heme biosynthesis (Schobert & Jahn, 2002). In addition to its electron‐carrier role in respiratory cytochromes, heme serves a variety of functions in prokaryotes, including detoxification of reactive oxygen species via its inclusion peroxidases and catalases, and regulation of various cellular processes at the level of transcription, translation, and protein stability (Dailey et al., 2017; Furuyama et al., 2007; Tiburzi et al., 2009). Previous reports have identified iron as having a key role in Wolbachia symbiosis, including heme‐mediated detoxification of reactive oxygen species by Wolbachia .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered gene expression profile of Wolbachia pipientis wAlbB strain following transinfection from its native host Aedes albopictus to Aedes aegypti cells

Bishop

Asgari

2021

Molecular Microbiology

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Wolbachia is an obligate intracellular bacterial symbiont prevalent among arthropods and nematodes. To survive and reproduce, Wolbachia interacts with and modifies host subcellular structures, while sensing and responding to changes within the cellular environment. In mutualistic associations, Wolbachia may provision the host with metabolites, or help to maintain the chemical homeostasis of the host cell. Some strains can rapidly invade insect populations by manipulating host reproductive biology, while also preventing viral replication, allowing their use in vector control of arthropod‐borne viruses. The Aedes albopictus‐derived strain wAlbB is promising in this regard. When transinfected into the Yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, wAlbB reaches high frequencies within wild populations, and strongly inhibits viral transmission. Despite its obvious potential, much is still unknown about the molecular interactions between Wolbachia and host that enable its use in vector control. Furthermore, most Wolbachia transinfection research to date has focused on host effects. In the current study, we used a cell line model to explore the effect of transinfection of wAlbB from Ae. albopictus to Ae. aegypti. Using RNA sequencing, we show that several genes associated with host‐symbiont interactions were downregulated by transinfection, with the greatest downregulation exhibited by prophage‐associated genes.

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Is the host heme incorporated in microbial heme‐proteins?

Abstract: [No abstract available

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Iron Metabolism at the Interface between Host and Pathogen: From Nutritional Immunity to Antibacterial Development

Iron Metabolism at the Interface between Host and Pathogen: From Nutritional Immunity to Antibacterial Development

Molecular strategies of microbial iron assimilation: from high-affinity complexes to cofactor assembly systems

Altered gene expression profile of Wolbachia pipientis wAlbB strain following transinfection from its native host Aedes albopictus to Aedes aegypti cells

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