Is the gender wage gap declining in the Netherlands?

Meer, P.H. van der

doi:10.1080/00036840600749557

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar to previous studies [9,11,14], the returns on education were positive and increased with the level of education. Males received higher returns to schooling than females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Typically, individuals achieve higher incomes by working more hours than their counterparts [14]. Advancement and promotion in the workplace is partly based on market signals such as positive unpaid overtime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recognizing that wage differentials are partly the result of different hours of work, studies relating to wage gaps typically incorporate hourly wage into the analysis (for example, [7,10,14]). However, given the limited availability of information, little empirical evidence exists that accounts for unpaid overtime.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap

et al. 2013

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BackgroundIn Australia a persistent and sizable gender wage gap exists. In recent years this gap has been steadily widening. The negative impact of gender wage differentials is the disincentive to work more hours. This implies a substantial cost on the Australian health sector. This study aimed to identify the magnitude of gender wage differentials within the health sector. The investigation accounts for unpaid overtime. Given the limited availability of information, little empirical evidence exists that accounts for unpaid overtime.MethodsInformation was collected from a sample of 10,066 Australian full-time employees within the health sector. Initially, ordinary least-squares regression was used to identify the gender wage gap when unpaid overtime was included and then excluded from the model. The sample was also stratified by gender and then by occupation to allow for comparisons. Later the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition method was employed to identify and quantify the contribution of individual endowments to wage differentials between males and females.ResultsThe analyses of data revealed a gender wage gap that varied across occupations. The inclusion of unpaid overtime in the analysis led to a slight reduction in the wage differential. The results showed an adjusted wage gap of 16.7%.ConclusionsUnpaid overtime made a significant but small contribution to wage differentials. Being female remained the major contributing factor to the wage gap. Given that wage differentials provide a disincentive to work more hours, serious attempts to deal with the skilled labour shortage in the health sector need to address the gender wage gap.

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“…Similar to previous studies [9,11,14], the returns on education were positive and increased with the level of education. Males received higher returns to schooling than females.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap

et al. 2013

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“…They do not go into details as to what lies behind these different returns. Also Van der Meer (2008), using OSA data covering the period 1986-1998 shows that wage gap is mainly due to price differences, and not to differences in characteristics or gender related productivity differences. Although Van der Meer compares decompositions for various years, he does not give a formal decomposition of the change in the gender wage gap over time.…”

Section: Dutch Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why do women still earn less than men? Decomposing the Dutch gender pay gap, 1996–2006

2012

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Despite major improvements in women's labour market attachment, women still earn considerably less than men. International research shows that the persistence of the gender pay gap may be due to the fact that although the gap in characteristics between men and women is diminishing, changes in the wage structure counteract this change. This article will study whether this 'swimming upstream' phenomenon is also playing a role in the rather slow convergence between male and female wages in The Netherlands. Our results indicate that this is not the case; most of the changes in the Dutch wage structure have been rather favourable to women. The lacking convergence in wages has to be explained from the fact that despite the favourable changes, the Dutch wage structure still contains a considerable implicit gender bias.

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“…While disparity in earnings may result from differences in skills, qualifications and levels of experience relevant to employers (Blau & Kahn, 2007;Betrand & Hallock, 2001), Van der Meer (2008) states that the gap in productive characteristics (e.g., education and tenure) between men and women has been reducing over time. Moreover, Bowlin and Renner (2008) argue that inequity is negligible at top management levels, though Adams, Gupta and Leeth (2009) and Ryan and Haslam (2009) emphasize that women experience considerable difficulty breaking into top positions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fable paradigm of the gender pay gap: Evidence from Portuguese private firms

2010

CBR

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This study investigates gender income disparity in Portuguese firms using separate Tobit models for men and women. While job segregation seems to be one of the major sources of gender disparity, women do not appear to be systematically underpaid in predominantly female occupations, regardless of the industry. The authors found that gender pay gap is larger in domestic firms, and it increases with employees' accumulated tenure and decreases with advanced education for women and on labor market entry. Despite showing some encouraging cracks, the glass ceiling still continues to prevent women from reaching top management positions. Finally, despite it appears wage disparity does exist, and it will probably continue to exist, the results point towards a window of opportunity for women.

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Is the gender wage gap declining in the Netherlands?

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap

Differences in wage rates for males and females in the health sector: a consideration of unpaid overtime to decompose the gender wage gap

Why do women still earn less than men? Decomposing the Dutch gender pay gap, 1996–2006

The fable paradigm of the gender pay gap: Evidence from Portuguese private firms

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