Is the biological nature of depressive symptoms in borderline patients without concomitant Axis I pathology idiosyncratic? Sleep EEG comparison with recurrent brief, major depression and control subjects

The sleep phenotype of Borderline Personality Disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…We also found that BPD patients without current comorbid depression and prisoners experienced significantly less SWS than CCs. This may be associated with increased alcohol consumption in patients with BPD (Lester, Rundell, Cowden, & Williams, 1973) or an overlap between BPD and psychotic symptoms (De la Fuente et al, 2004). Our hypotheses remain tentative, however, as these findings were not robust across the majority of BPD groups.…”

“…Reasons for non-inclusion in the meta-analysis included: the reporting of overlapping data (De la Fuente et al, 2004); insufficient data to convert into a common effect size (Bromundt et al, 2013); and the uniqueness of the sleep factor (Dagan, Stein, Steinbock, Yovel, & Hallis, 1998), i.e., it wasn't assessed in a minimum of two studies.…”

“…Studies indicate that individuals with BPD may experience sleep disturbances in comparison to healthy (Bastien, Guimond, St-Jean, & Lemelin, 2008;Benson, King, Gordon, Silva, & Zarcone, 1990) and depressed (De la Fuente et al, 2004) controls. Nevertheless, the sleep profile of BPD has received relatively limited clinical and research attention (Winsper & Tang, 2014).…”

Borderline Personality Pathology, Polysomnography, and Self-Reported Sleep Problems: A Review

“…Initially, it was debated whether observations of shortened REM latency in BPD patients should be taken as evidence that the disorder was best classified as a mood disorder rather than a personality disorder [18][19][20][21]54]. Shortened REM latency is often found in MDD [22], and it has been argued that this finding suggests a common biological etiology for BPD and mood disorders (e.g., [18,23,24]). However, with the increased research interest in BPD over the years, and discrepant findings in the literature on BPD and sleep, this research has become focused on understanding what it is about BPD that might cause sleep disturbance, rather than what this relationship can tell us about how the disorder should be classified.…”

Quality and severity of depression in borderline personality disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…De la Fuente et al, 2004;Nigg, Lohr, Westen, Gold, & Silk, 1992; Q6 Riso, Klein, Anderson & Ouimette, 2000; Soloff et al, 2000; Sprock, Rader, Kendall, & Yoder, 2000; White, Flanagan, Martin, & Silvermann, 2011.…”