Is Tempranillo Blanco Grapevine Different from Tempranillo Tinto Only in the Color of the Grapes? An Updated Review

Abstract

Tempranillo Blanco is a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto that appeared as a natural, spontaneous mutation in 1988 in a single shoot of a single plant in an old vineyard. It was vegetatively propagated, and currently wines from Tempranillo Blanco are commercially available. The mutation that originated Tempranillo Blanco comprised single-nucleotide variations, chromosomal deletions, and reorganizations, losing hundreds of genes and putatively affecting the functioning and regulation of many others. The most evident, visual change in Tempranillo Blanco is the anthocyanin lost, producing this grapevine variety bunches of colorless grapes. This review aims to summarize from the available literature differences found between Tempranillo Blanco and Tinto in addition to the color of the grapes, in a climate change context and using fruit-bearing cuttings grown in temperature-gradient greenhouses as research-oriented greenhouses. The differences found include changes in growth, water use, bunch mass, grape quality (both technological and phenolic maturity), and some aspects of their photosynthetic response when grown in an atmosphere of elevated CO2 concentration and temperature, and low water availability. Under field conditions, Tempranillo Blanco yields less than Tempranillo Tinto, the lower weight of their bunches being related to a lower pollen viability and berry and seed setting.

The flavour of grape colour: anthocyanin content tunes aroma precursor composition by altering the berry microenvironment

“…Taken together, these differences indicated gene dosage effects reducing expression in monosomic genome regions left after the somatic deletions. Decreased gene dosage and unmasking of deleterious recessive alleles due to hemizygosity, together with impaired meiosis, could collectively underlie the pleiotropic phenotypes related to berry colour and gamete viability reported in TB ( Carbonell-Bejerano et al , 2017 ; Tello et al , 2021 ; Kizildeniz et al , 2022 ). Remarkably, the DEGs identified in any of the cultivars and tissues overlapping with the specific hemizygous intervals of TB compared to TT did not include any known regulator of metabolism pathways, apart from the phenylpropanoid regulators VviMYBA1 and VviMYBA2 (Vitvi02g01015), and the pseudogene VvMYBA8 (Vitvi02g01310) resulting from the frameshift InDel in VviMYBA2 ( Supplementary Table S4 ).…”

Efecto de la temperatura y la radiación sobre la respuesta fisiológica del cacao (Theobroma cacao L): estrategias de mejoramiento

“…¿Cuál será la respuesta en un escenario de mayor concentración de CO 2 y mayor temperatura? Tal incógnita no es fácil de responder (Dusenge et al, 2019;Hebbar et al, 2020;Kizildeniz et al, 2021) ya que las respuestas fisiológicas también conllevarán a cambios en el transporte de asimilados entre los diferentes componentes de la planta y no es claro como cambiarán y cómo afectará la producción. En consecuencia, ensayos que 2024.…”