Is strength training associated with mortality benefits? A 15 year cohort study of US older adults

Kraschnewski, Jennifer L.; Sciamanna, Christopher N.; Poger, Jennifer M.; Rovniak, Liza S.; Lehman, Erik; Cooper, Amanda; Ballentine, Noel H.; Ciccolo, Joseph T.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.02.038

Cited by 101 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Evidence has accumulated that suggests that engaging in some form of muscle strengthening activity, such as RT, has an impact on a range of health and morbidity related risk factors [41–45], multi-morbidity risk [46, 47], and all-cause mortality [48–50], across both healthy and clinical populations. However, a question remains as to how important a place RT should have in current physical activity and exercise guidelines for public health.…”

Section: Resistance Training For Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

A higher effort-based paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health: making the case for a greater emphasis on resistance training

et al. 2017

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It is well known that physical activity and exercise is associated with a lower risk of a range of morbidities and all-cause mortality. Further, it appears that risk reductions are greater when physical activity and/or exercise is performed at a higher intensity of effort. Why this may be the case is perhaps explained by the accumulating evidence linking physical fitness and performance outcomes (e.g. cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and muscle mass) also to morbidity and mortality risk. Current guidelines about the performance of moderate/vigorous physical activity using aerobic exercise modes focuses upon the accumulation of a minimum volume of physical activity and/or exercise, and have thus far produced disappointing outcomes. As such there has been increased interest in the use of higher effort physical activity and exercise as being potentially more efficacious. Though there is currently debate as to the effectiveness of public health prescription based around higher effort physical activity and exercise, most discussion around this has focused upon modes considered to be traditionally ‘aerobic’ (e.g. running, cycling, rowing, swimming etc.). A mode customarily performed to a relatively high intensity of effort that we believe has been overlooked is resistance training. Current guidelines do include recommendations to engage in ‘muscle strengthening activities’ though there has been very little emphasis upon these modes in either research or public health effort. As such the purpose of this debate article is to discuss the emerging higher effort paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health and to make a case for why there should be a greater emphasis placed upon resistance training as a mode in this paradigm shift.

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Section: Resistance Training For Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

A higher effort-based paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health: making the case for a greater emphasis on resistance training

et al. 2017

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“…There are important musculoskeletal (eg, improvements in posture, mobility and balance)3 and metabolic (eg, reductions in blood sugar levels and increases in lean muscle mass)4 5 health benefits of participating in RT. Participation is also associated with decreased mortality rates 6. International7 guidelines8–10 now recommend that adults participate in RT activities involving major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with participation in resistance training: a systematic review

et al. 2017

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“…Participation in RT is associated with reduced morbidity and mortality risk in the elderly [8, 9]. Hurley and Roth [10] noted that “~2 decades of age-associated strength loss can be regained in ~2 months of resistance exercise” and RT can even enhance cardiorespiratory fitness in older adults [11, 12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of 6 Months of Progressive High Effort Resistance Training Methods upon Strength, Body Composition, Function, and Wellbeing of Elderly Adults

Steele

Raubold

Kemmler

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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Purpose The present study examined the progressive implementation of a high effort resistance training (RT) approach in older adults over 6 months and through a 6-month follow-up on strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing of older adults. Methods Twenty-three older adults (aged 61 to 80 years) completed a 6-month supervised RT intervention applying progressive introduction of higher effort set end points. After completion of the intervention participants could choose to continue performing RT unsupervised until 6-month follow-up. Results Strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing all significantly improved over the intervention. Over the follow-up, body composition changes reverted to baseline values, strength was reduced though it remained significantly higher than baseline, and wellbeing outcomes were mostly maintained. Comparisons over the follow-up between those who did and those who did not continue with RT revealed no significant differences for changes in any outcome measure. Conclusions Supervised RT employing progressive application of high effort set end points is well tolerated and effective in improving strength, body composition, function, and wellbeing in older adults. However, whether participants continued, or did not, with RT unsupervised at follow-up had no effect on outcomes perhaps due to reduced effort employed during unsupervised RT.

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Is strength training associated with mortality benefits? A 15 year cohort study of US older adults

Cited by 101 publications

References 47 publications

A higher effort-based paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health: making the case for a greater emphasis on resistance training

A higher effort-based paradigm in physical activity and exercise for public health: making the case for a greater emphasis on resistance training

Factors associated with participation in resistance training: a systematic review

The Effects of 6 Months of Progressive High Effort Resistance Training Methods upon Strength, Body Composition, Function, and Wellbeing of Elderly Adults

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