Is State-Mandated Planning Effective?

Burby, Raymond J.; Berke, Philip; Dalton, Linda C.; DeGrove, John M.; French, Steven P.; Kaiser, Edward J.; Mary, Peter J.; Roenigk, Dale J.

doi:10.1080/00947598.1993.10395815

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…State mandates have been found to improve the amount, character and quality of planning (Berke and French 1994;Burby and Dalton 1994;Dalton and Burby 1994;Burby et al 1997;Brody 2003;Berke 1996;Burby et al 1993). Explanations of how planning mandates influence plan quality vary.…”

Section: State Mandates and Plan Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At minimum, a good plan is one that exhibits a sound analysis of the facts, formulates clear policy goals, and sets forth appropriate recommendations to achieve these goals (Burby et al 1993). Sound analysis and effective communication are important because plans are designed to spur action by communicating key principles and ideas about what makes for a desirable future.…”

Section: State Mandates and Plan Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Goals represent general statements regarding problems to be solved, needs to be met, and desirable end states to be achieved. Policy components suggest methods to be used in achieving the plan's intended goals (Berke et al 2006 At minimum, a good plan is one that exhibits a sound analysis of the facts, formulates clear policy goals, and sets forth appropriate recommendations to achieve these goals (Burby et al 1993). Sound analysis and effective communication are important because plans are designed to spur action by communicating key principles and ideas about what makes for a desirable future.…”

Section: State Mandates and Plan Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sound analysis and effective communication are important because plans are designed to spur action by communicating key principles and ideas about what makes for a desirable future. In other words, "the extent to which plans persuasively connect with readers, and elicit their positive participation, should constitute the core notion of what constitutes a good plan" (Bunnell & Jepson, 2011, p. 338).State mandates have been found to improve the amount, character and quality of planning (Berke and French 1994;Burby and Dalton 1994;Dalton and Burby 1994;Burby et al 1997;Brody 2003;Berke 1996;Burby et al 1993). Explanations of how planning mandates influence plan quality vary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Planning researchers (Burby et al, 1997) categorize laws like these as state planning mandates because they require local-level governments to incorporate state-specified goals into their plans. A host of empirical studies (Berke & French, 1994;Bunnell & Jepson, 2011;Burby & May, 1998;Burby, 2005;Burby et al, 1993;Hoch, 2007;May, 1993) suggest that the structure of state planning mandates, particularly the way their "carrots" and "sticks" encourage full adoption of the mandate's goals and objectives or allow for just minimal compliance, are key to their success in changing development patterns. This is because greater planner commitment tends to result in higher-quality local plans and better plan implementation (Alterman & Hill, 1978;Berke & French, 1994;Berke & Godschalk, 2009;Berke, 1996; Brody & Highfield, 2005;Brody, 2003; Laurian et al, 2004; Talen, 1996), effectively acting as a multiplier that increases the plan's influence on the built environment and other development outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Building Planner Commitment: Are California’s SB 375 and Oregon’s SB 1059 Models for Climate-Change Mitigation?

Bartholomew¹,

Proffitt²

2017

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Sponsoring Agency Code Supplementary Notes AbstractCalifornia's Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act (SB 375) and the Oregon Sustainable Transportation Initiative (SB 1059) have made them the first states in the nation to try and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions using the transportation-planning process. Evaluating how these pioneering laws have changed local planning processes -as well as plans themselves -in each state provides insight into the laws' effectiveness at changing development patterns in a way that reduces GHG emissions, without waiting decades to see the effects in the built environment. Both states' laws require metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) and the municipalities that comprise them to plan development scenarios that reduce per capita GHG emissions from private automobiles. The emissions-reductions targets for each metro are determined through negotiation with state agencies and are updated periodically. Planning researchers (Burby et al., 1997) categorize laws like these as state planning mandates because they require local-level governments to incorporate state-specified goals into their plans. A host of empirical studies (Berke & French, 1994;Bunnell & Jepson, 2011;Burby & May, 1998;Burby, 2005;Burby et al., 1993;Hoch, 2007;May, 1993) suggest that the structure of state planning mandates, particularly the way their "carrots" and "sticks" encourage full adoption of the mandate's goals and objectives or allow for just minimal compliance, are key to their success in changing development patterns. This is because greater planner commitment tends to result in higher-quality local plans and better plan implementation (Alterman & Hill, 1978;Berke & French, 1994;Berke & Godschalk, 2009;Berke, 1996; Brody & Highfield, 2005;Brody, 2003; Laurian et al., 2004; Talen, 1996), effectively acting as a multiplier that increases the plan's influence on the built environment and other development outcomes. Therefore, we believe that evaluating the degree to which state planning mandates in California and Oregon have changed local planning documents and practices is the best available indicator of how the mandates will influence development patterns in the future. Furthermore, tracing how the mandates affect decisions made by local planners informs the suitability of California and Oregon's planning mandates to serve as a model for policy in other states, or at the national or international scale. This study fits the NITC themes of taking long-term action on transportation emissions and climate change and integrating multimodal transportation and land use. We employ content analysis to evaluate SB 375 and SB 1059's influence on regional transportation plans (RTPs) produced by MPOs. Conducting content analyses of RTPs approved before and after the planning mandates took effect will produce scores that allow us to compare how much the plans have changed due to the laws. It will also allow us to group MPOs based on their performance and identify characteristics of the metro areas they...

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