Is soil degradation unrelated to deforestation? Examining soil parameters of land use systems in upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Dechert, Georg; Veldkamp, Edzo; Anas, Iswandi

doi:10.1007/s11104-005-0885-8

Cited by 50 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The alluvial soils of the study region are generally fertile with high base cation saturation, high cation exchange capacity, moderate pH-values and moderate to high stocks of total nitrogen. On average, soil nitrogen stocks in the topsoil were by 10% lower in secondary forest than in old-growth forest (Dechert et al 2004). In the studied stands, the topsoil of the secondary forest was slightly richer in nitrogen (13% difference) and total phosphorus (10% difference) than that of the old-growth forest (Dechert et al 2004).…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leaf gas exchange of trees in old-growth and young secondary forest stands in Sulawesi, Indonesia

Hölscher

Leuschner

Bohman

et al. 2005

Trees

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the tropics, old-growth forests are converted to other land cover types at a high rate and young secondary forest may gain in importance. Information on associated changes in leaf gas exchange and other leaf traits can be valuable for modelling biogeochemical fluxes under altered land-use patterns. We studied in situ photosynthetic parameters and stomatal conductance for water vapour in eight abundant tree species of young secondary forest and eight tree species of natural old-growth forest in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. In sun leaves, the average maximal stomatal conductance (g smax ) in the secondary forest (SF) species was 2.1 times higher than in the old-growth forest (OGF) species. Species with a high g smax reduced g s sharply when vapour pressure deficit of the air increased, whereas species with a low g smax were much less sensitive to air humidity. For area-based photosynthetic capacity (A maxarea), the SF species had a 2.3 times higher average than the OGF species. For both, g smax and A max -area the variation among species was higher in the OGF than in the SF. When all tree species (n=16) are considered, species means of specific leaf area (SLA), leaf N concentration and leaf P concentration were significantly correlated with g smax and A max -area. The strong correlation between A maxarea and foliar P (r 2 =0.8) is remarkable as the alluvial soils in the study region are rich in nutrients. If the eight D. Hölscher ( ) Tropical Silviculture, OGF species are analysed separately, the only significant correlation was observed between SLA and mass-based A max ; in the SF species strong correlations were found between leaf size and A max -area and g smax . These results show that the conversion of old-growth forest to young secondary forest in Sulawesi significantly alters tree leaf gas exchange characteristics and that chemical and structural leaf traits can be used for the prediction of these changes. The best correlations between leaf gas exchange parameters and leaf traits were obtained by different traits in the SF species, the OGF species and the entire pool of studied species.

show abstract

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Leaf gas exchange of trees in old-growth and young secondary forest stands in Sulawesi, Indonesia

Hölscher

Leuschner

Bohman

et al. 2005

Trees

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unlike temperature, precipitation in the study region varies not only with elevation but also with locality and topography (Dechert et al 2004). Furthermore, our elevational transect reaches the regular cloud band commonly found in humid tropical mountains and ''horizontal'' precipitation may be captured from fog.…”

Section: Elevational Richness and Density Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevational patterns of species richness and density of rattan palms (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied species richness and density of rattan palms in 50 plots of 10 9 100 m 2 each between 250 m and 2420 m in eight sites in Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP), Central Sulawesi. Rattans were observed in all sample sites, representing three genera and 34 species. The elevational patterns for species richness and density were humped-shaped with maxima around 1000 m. Polynomial models of second order explained 59 and 32% of species richness and density with the factor elevation, respectively. A majority of rattan species (65%) overlapped between 1000 and 1100 m elevation, while a pronounced change in the rattan flora occurred above 1100 m. Commercially important rattan species (Calamus zollingeri, C. ornatus var. celebicus, Daemonorops macroptera) were not observed above 1250 m. The change of species assemblage was significantly related to elevation (56%), followed by geographical distance (47%) and precipitation (40%). Less than 10% of LLNP is lowland forests, much of which is threatened by agricultural intensification. In contrast, montane forests are well represented in the park and high elevation forests are not subject to agricultural conversion or intensive harvesting of rattan and other forest products.

show abstract

“…The high ecosystem productivity is possible despite the nutrient-poor soils because of efficient cycling of rock-derived nutrients (phosphorus (P) and base cations) between vegetation and soil and also high soil nitrogen (N) availability caused by biological N fixation (Hedin et al, 2009). Conversion of tropical forest to agricultural land-use systems does not only decrease biodiversity and contribute to climate change (Danielsen et al, 2009) but also alters soil fertility and soil physical properties in the newly established land-use systems (Dechert et al, 2004;Klinge et al, 2004). Burning of slashed vegetation is typically part of forest conversion, releasing large amounts of nutrients previously bound in the vegetation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Expansion of palm oil and rubber production, for which global demand is increasing, causes rapid deforestation in Sumatra, Indonesia, and is expected to continue in the next decades. Our study aimed to (1) quantify changes in soil CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes with land-use change and (2) determine their controlling factors. In Jambi Province, Sumatra, we selected two landscapes on heavily weathered soils that differ mainly in texture: loam and clay Acrisol soils. In each landscape, we investigated the reference land-use types (forest and secondary forest with regenerating rubber) and the converted land-use types (rubber, 7-17 years old, and oil palm plantations, 9-16 years old). We measured soil CO 2 and CH 4 fluxes monthly from December 2012 to December 2013. Annual soil CO 2 fluxes from the reference land-use types were correlated with soil fertility: low extractable phosphorus (P) coincided with high annual CO 2 fluxes from the loam Acrisol soil that had lower fertility than the clay Acrisol soil (P < 0.05). Soil CO 2 fluxes from the oil palm (107.2 to 115.7 mg C m −2 h −1 ) decreased compared to the other land-use types (between 178.7 and 195.9 mg C m −2 h −1 ; P < 0.01). Across land-use types, annual CO 2 fluxes were positively correlated with soil organic carbon (C) and negatively correlated with 15 N signatures, extractable P and base saturation. This suggests that the reduced soil CO 2 fluxes from oil palm were the result of strongly decomposed soil organic matter and reduced soil C stocks due to reduced litter input as well as being due to a possible reduction in C allocation to roots due to improved soil fertility from liming and P fertilization in these plantations. Soil CH 4 uptake in the reference landuse types was negatively correlated with net nitrogen (N) mineralization and soil mineral N, suggesting N limitation of CH 4 uptake, and positively correlated with exchangeable aluminum (Al), indicating a decrease in methanotrophic activity at high Al saturation. Reduction in soil CH 4 uptake in the converted land-use types (ranging from −3.0 to −14.9 µg C m −2 h −1 ) compared to the reference land-use types (ranging from −20.8 to −40.3 µg C m −2 h −1 ; P < 0.01) was due to a decrease in soil N availability in the converted land-use types. Our study shows for the first time that differences in soil fertility control the soil-atmosphere exchange of CO 2 and CH 4 in a tropical landscape, a mechanism that we were able to detect by conducting this study on the landscape scale.

show abstract

Is soil degradation unrelated to deforestation? Examining soil parameters of land use systems in upland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Leaf gas exchange of trees in old-growth and young secondary forest stands in Sulawesi, Indonesia

Leaf gas exchange of trees in old-growth and young secondary forest stands in Sulawesi, Indonesia

Elevational patterns of species richness and density of rattan palms (Arecaceae: Calamoideae) in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Soil fertility controls soil–atmosphere carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in a tropical landscape converted from lowland forest to rubber and oil palm plantations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About