Is soil acidification the cause of biochemical responses when soils are amended with heavy metal salts?

Speir, T. W.; Kettles, H. A.; Percival, H. J.; Parshotam, A.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00115-7

Cited by 140 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Pan and Yu (2011) reported an inhibition of urease activity after the application of 10 mg Cd 2+ by 17.5% and by 25% after the dose of 50 mg Cd 2+ was applied. Speir et al (1999), the power of Cd 2+ inhibition over urease is comparable to nickel and greater than that of copper, zinc, and chromium(III). In an experiment conducted by Wang et al (2007), cadmium at 10 mg Cd 2+ /kg of soil DM did not inhibit urease.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Using basalt flour and brown algae to improve biological properties of soil contaminated with cadmium

Zaborowska¹,

Kucharski²,

Wyszkowska³

2015

Soil Water Res.

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Zaborowska M., Kucharski J., Wyszkowska J. (2015): Using basalt flour and brown algae to improve biological properties of soil contaminated with cadmium. Soil & Water Res., 10: 181-188.In order to achieve homeostasis of soil, the potential of alleviating substances (two innovative: basalt flour and brown algae extract against two classic compounds: barley straw and compost) were analyzed in soil contaminated with cadmium. The studies thus determined the activity of urease, number of ammonification bacteria, nitrogen-immobilizing bacteria, Arthrobacter sp., Azotobacter sp., and spring barley yield. The analyzed parameters were presented as the following indices: RS -resistance of soil; EF -fertilization effect of an alleviating substance; and R:S -rhizosphere effect. Cadmium was applied as CdCl 2 •2.5H 2 O at the following doses: 0, 4, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 mg Cd 2+ /kg of soil. Straw increased the values of most examined parameters, mainly at lower doses of cadmium. Among the cultivated plants, resistance was most stimulated by compost. Basalt flour and brown algae extract did not play a major role in the recovery of contaminated soil. Ammonification bacteria were the least sensitive to stress associated with the deposition of cadmium in soil, whereas Azotobacter sp. was the most sensitive. Urease was found to be a reliable indicator of soil condition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Using basalt flour and brown algae to improve biological properties of soil contaminated with cadmium

Zaborowska¹,

Kucharski²,

Wyszkowska³

2015

Soil Water Res.

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“…Moreover, arylsulfatase activity depended on the type of soil texture: it is higher in loamy soils than in sandy soils [37].…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Resistance of Arylsulfatase to Contamination of Soil by Heavy Metals

Wyszkowska¹,

Wieczorek²,

Kucharski³

2016

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Contamination of soils by heavy metals is a severe problem because of disturbances caused in the functioning of the soil and the whole ecosystem. Therefore, the aim of our research was to determine the influence of contamination of soil by zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, and lead on the activity of arylsulfatase. A novel element of the study is a comparison of the response of arylsulfatase to five heavy metals in three soils with two pH ranges: 7.0 and 5.5. The studies were carried out under laboratory conditions. The soils (loamy sand, sandy loam, sandy clay loam), with pH 7.0 and 5.5 and contaminated with zinc, copper, nickel, cadmium, and lead were incubated for 30, 60, and 120 days. After each period, the activity of arylsulfatase was determined. Base on the activity of arylsulfatase, a resistance index of arylsulfatase (RS) to contamination with heavy metals was calculated. The highest activity of arylsulfatase was found in sandy clay loam, while the lowest was found in loamy sand. A significant correlation between the resistance of the enzyme and the level of contamination of the soil with heavy metals was proved. Arylsulfatase was most sensitive to the effects of zinc, copper, and nickel, while cadmium exerted a somewhat weaker influence and lead the least. The enzyme exhibited a higher resistance to the influence of heavy metals in neutral soils than in acidic soils. The toxic effect of heavy metals can be ordered as follows: zinc > copper > nickel > lead > cadmium.

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“…A direct pH effect in the soil, where the lower pH in contaminated soils enhanced the negative effect on bacteria and the positive effect on fungi, however, cannot be excluded. Earlier studies have shown both that acidification can explain part of the effect of heavy metals, at least in laboratory studies (13,38), and that fungi are apparently favored in acidified soils (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Toxicity Affects Fungal and Bacterial Activities in Soil Differently

Ranil

Tobor-Kaplon

Bååth

2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

378

204

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Although the toxic effect of heavy metals on soil microorganism activity is well known, little is known about the effects on different organism groups. The influence of heavy metal addition on total, bacterial, and fungal activities was therefore studied for up to 60 days in a laboratory experiment using forest soil contaminated with different concentrations of Zn or Cu. The effects of the metals differed between the different activity measurements. During the first week after metal addition, the total activity (respiration rate) decreased by 30% at the highest level of contamination and then remained stable during the 60 days of incubation. The bacterial activity (thymidine incorporation rate) decreased during the first days with the level of metal contamination, resulting in a 90% decrease at the highest level of contamination. Bacterial activity then slowly recovered to values similar to those of the control soil. The recovery was faster when soil pH, which had decreased due to metal addition, was restored to control values by liming. Fungal activity (acetate-in-ergosterol incorporation rate) initially increased with the level of metal contamination, being up to 3 and 7 times higher than that in the control samples during the first week at the highest levels of Zn and Cu addition, respectively. The positive effect of metal addition on fungal activity then decreased, but fungal activity was still higher in contaminated than in control soil after 35 days. This is the first direct evidence that fungal and bacterial activities in soil are differently affected by heavy metals. The different responses of bacteria and fungi to heavy metals were reflected in an increase in the relative fungal/bacterial ratio (estimated using phospholipid fatty acid analysis) with increased metal load.

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Is soil acidification the cause of biochemical responses when soils are amended with heavy metal salts?

Cited by 140 publications

References 31 publications

Using basalt flour and brown algae to improve biological properties of soil contaminated with cadmium

Using basalt flour and brown algae to improve biological properties of soil contaminated with cadmium

Resistance of Arylsulfatase to Contamination of Soil by Heavy Metals

Metal Toxicity Affects Fungal and Bacterial Activities in Soil Differently

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