Is snack consumption associated with meal skipping in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN-IV study

Kelishadi, Roya; Mozafarian, Nafiseh; Qorbani, Mostafa; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Safiri, Saeid; Ardalan, Gelayol; Keikha, Mojtaba; Rezaei, Fatemeh; Heshmat, Ramin

doi:10.1007/s40519-017-0370-4

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The main results found in studies [15][16][17]20 that looked at replacing main meals with snacks were similar to previous studies, [49][50][51] whose replacement prevalence was higher at dinner and the main foods reported were energy-dense and nutrient-poor snacks. In addition to breakfast cereal, salad, yogurt, fruit and juice.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Kelishadi et al 49 also found associations between leisure-time snacking and demonstrated that eating different types of junk food increased the chance of missing meals. Teixeira et al 51 described in their study that dinner was the most substituted meal, and consumed snacks had high energy density and low nutritional value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…[46][47][48] Although there is little evidence, this consumption may also be associated with a reduction in meal frequency, which may be detrimental to health, as satisfactory dietary patterns are related to greater food diversity and healthy food intake. 49,50 Savige et al 50 suggest that adolescents who snack frequently -especially during leisure, on their way to school, all day or in the middle of the night -are more likely to skip meals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of Meals Consumed by Brazilian Adolescents and Associated Habits: Systematic Review

Sousa

Wolf

Martini

et al. 2020

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the studies that identified the frequency of meals ingested by Brazilian adolescents and associated habits. Data sources: A systematic search was made in the databases and electronic databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, The Latin American and Caribbean Center of Information in Health Sciences (BIREME), Scopus, Web of Science and Embase, with articles published between January/2007 until December/2017, which addressed the evaluation of the frequency of meals performed by adolescents, considering or not associations with eating patterns and meal replacement. Data synthesis: 6,608 studies were obtained through the search and nine were included in this review, all of them with a cross-sectional design. Eight studies used school surveys and only one was a population survey. Seven studies evaluated the frequency of the main daily meals that ranged from 47.0 to 79.0% at breakfast, from 65.0 to 98.4% at lunch, and from 51.0 to 94.0% at dinner. Five studies identified the frequencies of consumption of snacks between meals, finding higher values for afternoon snack (variation from 42.0 to 78.0%). Regarding the substitution of meals for snacks, in three of the four selected studies; it was observed that this practice occurred mainly in substitution of dinner (24.6 to 42.0%). Conclusions: Breakfast was the most omitted meal for adolescents, and dinner was replaced with snacks. Among the between meal snacks, the afternoon snack was the most consumed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of Meals Consumed by Brazilian Adolescents and Associated Habits: Systematic Review

Sousa

Wolf

Martini

et al. 2020

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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“…Childhood excess weight increases the risk of obesity or overweight in the later years [7]. Shifts in dietary pattern can have significant effects on weight changes in terms of excess weight in children and adolescents [8,9]. Longitudinal studies have shown that there is an association between dietary patterns and cardiovascular diseases [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is frequency of potato and white rice consumption associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study

Baygi

Qorbani

Motlagh

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: This study evaluated the association of frequency of potato and rice consumption with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Methods: This nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted on 14,400 children and adolescents. Fasting blood was obtained from a sub-sample of 4200 randomly selected students. Physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted under standard protocols. Metabolic Syndrome (Mets) was defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria modified for the pediatric age group. The self-reported frequency consumption of white rice and potato was reported on a daily or non-daily basis. Results: The participation rate for the whole study and for blood sampling were 99 and 91.5%, respectively. Overall, 49.4% of the participants were girls while 50.6% were boys. The frequency of daily consumption of white rice and potato was 84.4 and 21.3%, respectively. In the multivariable linear regression model, daily consumption of potato increased body mass index (β: 0.05, SE: 0.20, p = 0.010), waist (β: 0.63, SE: 0.24, p = 0.008), and hip circumferences (β: 0.62, SE: 0.26, p = 0.019). Moreover, in the multivariable logistic regression, daily consumption of potato was significantly associated with an increased risk of overweight (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39, P = 0.012). The potato and rice consumption had no statistically significant association with other cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusions: Daily consumption of potato was significantly associated with higher anthropometric measures, whereas rice consumption had no statistically significant association with cardiometabolic risk factors. Future research to examine the possible obesogenic effects of intake of potato on children and adolescents is recommended.

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“…Many studies have been conducted so far to identify and modify factors affecting breakfast and snack consumption behaviors [15][16][17]. Although they provided valuable information about these factors, they failed to identify the factors which market these behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing an educational intervention based on the Social Marketing Model and evaluating its effects on healthy breakfast and snack consumption among female adolescent students: a mixed method study

Bastami

Zamani-Alavijeh

Mansourian

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Skipping breakfast and replacing it with non-nutritious snacks are progressively increasing among adolescents. This study aimed to develop an educational intervention based on The Social Marketing Model and evaluate its effects on healthy breakfast and snack consumption among female adolescent students. Methods This mixed method study was conducted in 2016–2018 in two phases. In the first phase, a qualitative study was conducted through directed content analysis in guidance schools in Khorramabad, Isfahan, and Tehran, Iran, to explore factors affecting breakfast consumption. The results of this phase were set in the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model. In the second phase, a randomized controlled trial was conducted based on the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model on 94 students randomly recruited from guidance schools in Khorramabad, Iran. Results The findings of the qualitative phase were categorized into the benchmarks of the Social Marketing Model, namely the social marketing mix, the intended behavior, internal and external competing factors for behavior modification, theoretical concepts related to the behavior, and the role of supporters. In the quantitative phase, the univariate modeling showed significant between-group differences concerning the product, price, promotion, and behavior (P < 0.05). Conclusion Healthy breakfast and snack consumption can be promoted through making acceptable the tastes, costs, preparations, and consumption places of breakfast and snack.

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Is snack consumption associated with meal skipping in children and adolescents? The CASPIAN-IV study

Abstract: Meal skipping and snack consumption were frequent among Iranian children and adolescents. Evidence based interventions are proposed to improve the students' eating habits.

Cited by 25 publications

References 55 publications

Frequency of Meals Consumed by Brazilian Adolescents and Associated Habits: Systematic Review

Frequency of Meals Consumed by Brazilian Adolescents and Associated Habits: Systematic Review

Is frequency of potato and white rice consumption associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study

Developing an educational intervention based on the Social Marketing Model and evaluating its effects on healthy breakfast and snack consumption among female adolescent students: a mixed method study

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