Is smoking a risk factor for collagenous colitis?

Abstract

Objective. The association between smoking and idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease is well known; smoking seems to have a diverse effect. Crohn´s disease is associated with smoking, while ulcerative colitis is associated with non-smoking. Data on smoking in microscopic colitis of the collagenous type (CC) is lacking. The aim of this investigation was to study smoking habits in collagenous colitis and to observe whether smoking had any impact on the course of the disease. Materials and Methods.116 patients (92 women) with median age of 62 years (IQR 55-73) answered questionnaires covering demographic data, smoking habits and disease activity. As control group we used data from the general population in Sweden retrieved from the National Statistics Office of Sweden, the central bureau for national socioeconomic information. Results. Of the 116 CC patients, 37% were smokers compared to 17 % of controls (p<0.001, OR 2.95). In the age group 16-44 years, 75 % of CC patients were smokers compared to 15 % of controls (p<0.001, OR 16.54). All CC smoker patients started smoking before the onset of disease. Furthermore, smokers developed the disease earlier than non-smokers -at 42 years of age (median) compared with 56 years in non-smokers (p<0.003). Although the proportion with active disease did not differ between smokers and non-smokers, there was a trend indicating that more smokers received active treatment (42% vs. 17%), p=0.078). Conclusions. Smoking is a risk factor for collagenous colitis. Smokers develop their disease more than ten years earlier than non-smokers.

Are collagenous and lymphocytic colitis different aspects of the same disease?

“…A majority of the nine patients (seven of nine) were also smokers (Table I). This is in line with previous observations indicating that both CC and LC patients tend to be smokers [31,32].…”

Evolution of ideas on microscopic colitis

“…Помимо сопутствующих аутоиммунных заболеваний клини-чески значимым ФР развития МК является курение [24]. Недав-но завершенное крупное проспективное исследование случай-контроль F. Fernández-Bañares и соавт.…”

Microscopic Colitis

“…Thus, in a study by Vigren et al [45], it was found that 37% of CC patients smoked compared to 17% in the control group, whereas in the age group 16-54 years, this was as high as 50% compared to 18% in the control group. Furthermore, in this study active smokers were diagnosed with CC 10 years earlier compared to nonsmokers, results that were corroborated by Fernandez-Banares et al [46].…”