Is smokeless tobacco use becoming more common among U.S. male smokers? Trends in Alaska

Maher, Julie E.; Bushore, Chris J.; Rohde, Kristen; Dent, Clyde W.; Peterson, Erin

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.02.015

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The SLT prevalence is highest among whites, those living in rural areas, those with lower education, and non-daily smokers across all survey years. The youngest age group (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) had the greatest decline in SLT prevalence from 1992 to 2003 (APC = −9.5%) compared with other age groups; however, the decrease in this and other groups stopped in 2003. Among race/ ethnicity, males of other races had a larger decline in prevalence than whites (APCs = −10.6% vs −3.9%, respectively), although their rate decrease stopped earlier.…”

Section: Trends In Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 93%

“…[17][18][19][20] Although less is known about the health effects of SLT when used jointly with cigarettes, 21 dual use may lead to additional harmful effects by deterring smoking cessation. For instance, smokers may use these products as an alternative source of nicotine when they are not permitted to smoke, for example, due to clean air laws 6,9,10,[22][23][24][25] or may use these products as nicotine replacements when they are attempting to quit. Both of these circumstances have important implications for tobacco control.…”

Section: Trends and Factors Related To Smokeless Tobacco Use In The Umentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trends and Factors Related to Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States

Levy¹,

Meza²

2016

NICTOB

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This study confirms that the declines in SLT use prevalence stopped in 2003 across different demographic groups, consistent with trends in SLT consumption. In addition, the longer period of analysis in comparison with earlier studies allows for quantitative characterization of SLT use trends using joinpoint regression. The study also shows the impact of different SLT use definitions in determining tobacco product use prevalence and trends.

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Section: Trends In Tobacco Usementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Trends and Factors Related To Smokeless Tobacco Use In The Umentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Factors Related to Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States

Levy¹,

Meza²

2016

NICTOB

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“…In a recent Norwegian study of males aged 16–74 years, dual use of snus and cigarettes was low (1%) 4 ; however, US data indicate that dual use is most common among adolescents and young adults 31 , and that this dual use pattern may be increasing 32 . Thus, combinations of cigarette and snus use among adolescents should be monitored closely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Tobacco use among Norwegian adolescents: from cigarettes to snus

Pedersen

Soest

2014

Addiction

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AimsTo: (i) investigate the development of smoking and snus use among Norwegian adolescents, and (ii) describe the users in each group.DesignTwo population-based surveys with identical procedures in 2002 (response rate 91.0%) and 2010 (response rate 84.3%).SettingNorway.ParticipantsA total of 6217 respondents, aged 16–17 years.MeasurementsData were collected on smoking and snus use, socio-demographic factors, school adjustment, social network, sport activities, alcohol and cannabis use and depression symptoms.FindingsPrevalence of daily smoking fell from 23.6% in 2002 to 6.8% in 2010 (P < 0.001), while the prevalence of daily snus use increased from 4.3 to 11.9% (P < 0.001). Dual daily use of cigarettes and snus remained at 1%. The relative proportion of non-daily smokers using snus increased steeply. Both snus users and smokers reported more adverse socio-economic backgrounds, less favourable school adjustment and higher levels of alcohol intoxication and cannabis use than non-users of tobacco. However, snus users were better adjusted to school and used cannabis less often than smokers.ConclusionsAdolescent smoking prevalence has fallen dramatically in Norway, accompanied by a smaller increase in snus use. Young snus users in Norway have many of the same risk factors as smokers, but to a lesser degree.

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“…Comparative carcinogenic profiles suggest snus is less harmful than conventional tobacco products (Hatsukami, Lemmonds, Zhang, et al, 2004; Stepanov, Jensen, Hatsukami, & Hecht, 2008), including cigarettes (Lee, 2011; Levy et al, 2006; O’Connor, 2012), but it still carries health risks. The introduction of snus to the US tobacco market has not yet changed the nationwide prevalence of smokeless tobacco use (Agaku et al, 2014; Bhattacharyya, 2012; Biener et al, 2016; Boyle, Saint Claire, Kinney, D’Silva, & Carusi, 2012; Choi & Forster, 2013; Fix et al, 2014; Lee, Hebert, Nonnemaker, & Kim, 2014; Maher, Bushore, Rohde, Dent, & Peterson, 2012; Soneji, Sargent, & Tanski, 2016; Zhu et al, 2013, 2009), but there may exist subgroups of the population who are more receptive to snus than others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A longitudinal, naturalistic study of U.S. smokers' trial and adoption of snus

Burris

Wahlquist

Alberg

et al. 2016

Addictive Behaviors

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To refine public health policy amidst a changing landscape of tobacco products in the United States, it is first necessary to describe fully the nature of smokers’ alternative product use. Little research addresses smokers’ snus use, and most studies are limited by small samples, cross-sectional designs, and crude outcome measurement. This study sample includes 626 adult US smokers who denied intention to quit in the next month and were randomized to receive free snus during a 6-week sampling period, after which no snus was provided. Participants were then followed for one year. Outcome data were collected via phone. Participants (mean age: 48.7 years) were predominately female, White non-Hispanic. Eighty-four percent reported trial of snus. Eleven percent reported purchase (i.e., adoption). Current use declined from 47.1% at the end of the sampling period to 6.5% at the end of follow-up. Frequency and quantity of snus use among current users was low. Among snus users, 79.3% said it functioned as an alternative to smoking and 58.4% said it provided a means of coping with smoking restrictions; options not mutually exclusive. In logistic regressions, men were more likely to report trial (odds ratio [OR]=2.33, p < .01) and adoption (OR=1.84, p < .05) than women. Baseline expectations about the nature of snus use also predicted snus outcomes (OR=1.28–1.78, p < .05). Smokers showed willingness to try snus, but product interest waned over time. Snus as currently marketed is unlikely to play a prominent role in US tobacco control efforts.

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Is smokeless tobacco use becoming more common among U.S. male smokers? Trends in Alaska

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Trends and Factors Related to Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States

Trends and Factors Related to Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States

Tobacco use among Norwegian adolescents: from cigarettes to snus

A longitudinal, naturalistic study of U.S. smokers' trial and adoption of snus

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