Is reverse cholesterol transport regulated by active cholesterol?

Steck, Theodore L.; Lange, Yvonne

doi:10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100385

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 149 publications

(344 reference statements)

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“…The tendency of free cholesterol to desorb from a phospholipid surface has been expressed as “active cholesterol” and in the traditional physico-chemical term, as fugacity. Active cholesterol has been implicated in one model of reverse cholesterol transport [17 ▪ ]. As with other lipids [18], the spontaneous transfer rate follows Kelvin's law and increases with decreasing particle radius.…”

Section: Free Cholesterol Dynamics and Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The pathophysiology of excess plasma-free cholesterol

Gillard,

Rosales,

Gotto

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Lipidology

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Purpose of review Several large studies have shown increased mortality due to all-causes and to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In most clinical settings, plasma HDL-cholesterol is determined as a sum of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester, two molecules with vastly different metabolic itineraries. We examine the evidence supporting the concept that the pathological effects of elevations of plasma HDL-cholesterol are due to high levels of the free cholesterol component of HDL-C. Recent findings In a small population of humans, a high plasma HDL-cholesterol is associated with increased mortality. Similar observations in the HDL-receptor deficient mouse (Scarb1-/-), a preclinical model of elevated HDL-C, suggests that the pathological component of HDL in these patients is an elevated plasma HDL-FC. Summary Collective consideration of the human and mouse data suggests that clinical trials, especially in the setting of high plasma HDL, should measure free cholesterol and cholesteryl esters and not just total cholesterol.

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Section: Free Cholesterol Dynamics and Bioavailabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%