Is reduced arm and leg swing in Parkinson's disease associated with rigidity or bradykinesia?

Kwon, Kyum‐Yil; Kim, Minjik; Lee, Seon Min; Kang, Sung Hoon; Lee, Hye Mi; Koh, Seong Beom

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2014.03.041

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Decreased arm swing amplitude of the more affected body side is frequently reported in the literature. Such parameter seems to be related to both rigidity (Kwon et al 2014) and dopamine-mediated dysfunction of the basal ganglia (Wu et al 2015). Also, it mechanically induces a reduction in both bilateral arm coordination and arm swing symmetry (Lewek et al 2010;Huang et al 2012) as well as greater arm swing variability (Mirelman et al 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Belghali¹,

Chastan²,

Cignetti³

et al. 2017

GeroScience

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Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are age-related progressive neurodegenerative diseases of increasing prevalence worldwide. In the absence of curative therapy, current research is interested in prevention, by identifying subtle signs of earlystage neurodegeneration. Today, the field of behavioral neuroscience has emerged as one of the most promising areas of research on this topic. Recently, it has been shown that the exacerbation of gait disorders under dual-task conditions (i.e., simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor tasks) could be a characteristic feature of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. The cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm during walking allows to assess whether (i) executive attention is abnormally impaired in prodromal Alzheimer's disease or (ii) compensation strategies are used in order to preserve gait function when the basal ganglia system is altered in prodromal Parkinson's disease. This review aims at (i) identifying patterns of dual-taskrelated gait changes that are specific to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, respectively, (ii) demonstrating that these changes could potentially be used as prediagnostic markers for disease onset, (iii) reviewing pros and cons of existing dual-task studies, and (iv) proposing future directions for clinical research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Belghali¹,

Chastan²,

Cignetti³

et al. 2017

GeroScience

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show abstract

“…For example, reduced step length and walking speed can be protective against falls as more time is spent with both feet on the ground at slower gait speeds. Similarly, while increased rigidity contributes to slowed gait (81,99), it may also represent a compensatory mechanism to increase joint stiffness and joint stability. Agerelated impairments in mobility (e.g., reduced muscle strength, reduced proprioception) also reduce the ability to control the trunk or increase walking speed.…”

Section: Summary Of Gait Impairmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Control of Walking in People with Parkinsonism

2016

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People with Parkinson's disease exhibit debilitating gait impairments, including gait slowness, increased step variability, and poor postural control. A widespread supraspinal locomotor network including the cortex, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and brain stem contributes to the control of human locomotion, and altered activity of these structures underlies gait dysfunction due to Parkinson's disease.

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“…The term "Rolex sign" was suggested by the late professor David Marsden during a neurology meeting in Brazil 9,10, . We interpret the signs related to shirt buttoning and tying shoe laces as subtle motor manifestations of bradykinesia and declining hand dexterity found in the initial stages of PD 11 . Similarly, the sensation of short jacket length can be seen as a sign related to a combination of bradykinesia, rigidity, and abnormal posturing of the arm 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Unusual motor and non-motor symptoms and signs in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease

Teive

Filho

Munhoz³

2016

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.

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Objective Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may present with unusual motor and non-motor symptoms and signs in the early stage of the disease. Methods Cases were collected over a five-year period at two tertiary movement disorders clinics. All had a diagnosis of PD with unusual presentations defined retrospectively as the presence of complaints not objectively related to any of the classic cardinal signs of parkinsonism or the typical early non-motor features of PD. Results A total of 15 early PD patients fulfilled the proposed criteria, presenting with symptoms such as atypical tremors, shoulder pain, signs related to the rigid akinetic syndrome, as well as cases of asthenia, rhinorrhea, parosmia, dysgeusia, nocturnal sialorrhea, and color discrimination disorders. Conclusions Unusual motor and non-motor symptoms and signs in the early stage of PD can be difficult to interpret. Specialists should be aware of these conditions as clues to a potential diagnosis.

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Is reduced arm and leg swing in Parkinson's disease associated with rigidity or bradykinesia?

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases

Neural Control of Walking in People with Parkinsonism

Unusual motor and non-motor symptoms and signs in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease

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