Is procrastination related to sleep quality? Testing an application of the procrastination–health model

Sirois, Fuschia M.; Eerde, Wendelien van; Argiropoulou, Maria-Ioanna

doi:10.1080/23311908.2015.1074776

Cited by 41 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Similarly, Ferrari et al (1997) showed that ‘trait procrastinators’ were more likely to claim that they are more alert and active during the late afternoon and evening hours (late chronotype) and less likely to claim that they are more alert and active during the morning hours (early chronotype). In a study on general behavioral procrastination by Sirois et al (2015) , chronotype was not assessed, but results showed that general behavioral procrastination was significantly related to shorter sleep duration, longer time needed to fall asleep and more extensive use of medication to fall asleep, all of which can be interpreted as indicators for circadian misalignment which more likely affects late chronotypes. Thus, it would be an interesting avenue for future research to explore whether the experience of general behavioral procrastination can be partly explained by individual’s chronotype and potential deficits in self-control resources arising from circadian misalignment (for relationships between circadian misalignment and procrastination at work, see Kühnel et al, 2016 , 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Don’t You Go to Bed on Time? A Daily Diary Study on the Relationships between Chronotype, Self-Control Resources and the Phenomenon of Bedtime Procrastination

2018

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Background: This daily diary study investigates the phenomenon of bedtime procrastination. Bedtime procrastination is defined as going to bed later than intended, without having external reasons for doing so. We highlight the role chronotype (interindividual differences in biological preferences for sleep-wake-times) plays for bedtime procrastination. Moreover, we challenge the view that bedtime procrastination is the result of a lack of self-regulatory resources by investigating momentary self-regulatory resources as a predictor of day-specific bedtime procrastination.Methods: One-hundred and eight employees working in various industries completed a general electronic questionnaire (to assess chronotype and trait self-control) and two daily electronic questionnaires (to assess momentary self-regulatory resources before going to bed and day-specific bedtime procrastination) over the course of five work days, resulting in 399 pairs of matched day-next-day measurements.Results: Results of multilevel regression analyses showed that later chronotypes (also referred to as evening types or ‘owls’) tended to report more bedtime procrastination on work days. Moreover, for late chronotypes, day-specific bedtime procrastination declined over the course of the work week. This pattern is in line with expectations derived from chronobiology and could not be explained by trait self-control. In addition, on evenings on which employees had less self-regulatory resources available before going to bed—compared to evenings on which they had more self-regulatory resources available before going to bed—employees showed lower bedtime procrastination. This finding contradicts the prevailing idea that bedtime procrastination is the result of a lack of self-regulatory resources.Conclusion: The findings of this study provide important implications for how bedtime procrastination should be positioned in the field of procrastination as self-regulatory failure and for how bedtime procrastination should be dealt with in practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Don’t You Go to Bed on Time? A Daily Diary Study on the Relationships between Chronotype, Self-Control Resources and the Phenomenon of Bedtime Procrastination

2018

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“…Beyond stress, procrastination has been linked to impaired general health and, specifically, reduced sleep quality . Sirois et al (2015) found higher levels of procrastination to be correlated with increased sleep latency, daytime dysfunction, and use of sleep medication as well as reduced sleep duration. Two processes, beyond heightened stress levels, may explain this link: first, procrastinators tend to report increased worry ( Stöber and Joormann, 2001 ), rumination ( Stainton et al, 2000 ), and guilt ( Pychyl et al, 2000 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Naturally, stress arises when the procrastinators rush to complete their intended tasks on time (e.g., Lay and Schouwenburg, 1993 ). Hence, stress has often been found to mediate the relationship between procrastination and other (mental) health outcomes ( Sirois et al, 2003 , 2015 ; Stead et al, 2010 ; Sirois, 2016 ). Moreover, a small meta-analysis of four studies by Sirois and Kitner (2015) identified maladaptive coping as a central mechanism linking procrastination to stress experiences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Trait Procrastination, Internet Use, and Psychological Functioning: Results From a Community Sample of German Adolescents

et al. 2018

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Adolescents with a strong tendency for irrational task delay (i.e., high trait procrastination) may be particularly prone to use Internet applications simultaneously to other tasks (e.g., during homework) and in an insufficiently controlled fashion. Both Internet multitasking and insufficiently controlled Internet usage may thus amplify the negative mental health implications that have frequently been associated with trait procrastination. The present study explored this role of Internet multitasking and insufficiently controlled Internet use for the relationship between trait procrastination and impaired psychological functioning in a community sample of N = 818 early and middle adolescents. Results from multiple regression analyses indicate that trait procrastination was positively related to Internet multitasking and insufficiently controlled Internet use. Insufficiently controlled Internet use, but not Internet multitasking, was found to partially statistically mediate the association between trait procrastination and adolescents’ psychological functioning (i.e., stress, sleep quality, and relationship satisfaction with parents). The study underlines that adolescents with high levels of trait procrastination may have an increased risk for negative outcomes of insufficiently controlled Internet use.

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“…Furthermore, individual differences in procrastination are explained roughly equally by genetic influences and nonshared environmental influences, 1 but genetic influences primarily account for its association with personality, goal management, and cognitive control (Gustavson et al, 2014, 2015). Finally, the recent procrastination-health model has focused on the role of procrastination and stress in physical health outcomes including sleep quality, hypertension, and immune functioning (Sirios, 2015; Sirois & Kitner, 2015; Sirois et al, 2015; Tice & Baumeister, 1997). …”

Section: Existing Theoretical Perspectives On Procrastinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic and Environmental Associations Between Procrastination and Internalizing/Externalizing Psychopathology

Gustavson

Pont

Hatoum

et al. 2017

Clinical Psychological Science

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Recent work on procrastination has begun to unravel the genetic and environmental correlates of this problematic behavior. However, little is known about how strongly procrastination is associated with internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, and the extent to which shared genetic/environmental factors or relevant personality constructs (e.g., fear of failure, impulsivity, and neuroticism) can inform the structure of these associations. The current study examined data from 764 young adult twins who completed questionnaires assessing procrastination and personality and structured interviews regarding psychopathology symptoms. Results indicated that procrastination was positively correlated with both internalizing and externalizing latent variables, and that these correlations were driven by shared genetic influences. Moreover, the association between procrastination and internalizing was accounted for by fear of failure and neuroticism, whereas the association between procrastination and externalizing was primarily explained by impulsivity. The role of procrastination in psychopathology is discussed using a framework that highlights common and broadband-specific variance.

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Is procrastination related to sleep quality? Testing an application of the procrastination–health model

Cited by 41 publications

References 46 publications

Why Don’t You Go to Bed on Time? A Daily Diary Study on the Relationships between Chronotype, Self-Control Resources and the Phenomenon of Bedtime Procrastination

Why Don’t You Go to Bed on Time? A Daily Diary Study on the Relationships between Chronotype, Self-Control Resources and the Phenomenon of Bedtime Procrastination

The Relationship Between Trait Procrastination, Internet Use, and Psychological Functioning: Results From a Community Sample of German Adolescents

Genetic and Environmental Associations Between Procrastination and Internalizing/Externalizing Psychopathology

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