Is Photodynamic Therapy an Effective Treatment for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Infections?

Sculean, Anton; Aoki, Akira; Romanos, George E.; Schwarz, Frank; Miron, Richard J.; Cosgarea, Raluca

doi:10.1016/j.cden.2015.06.008

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Eighteen randomized clinical studies were compared in a systematic review and the potential additional effect of PDT on top of initial treatment was investigated. 51 Eight of the 18 studies had statistically significantly better results in probing depth and clinical attachment level after adjuvant PDT compared to conservative treatment alone; however, the remaining 10 studies showed no significant differences in these parameters. An additional positive effect was observed in five studies regarding BOP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…There has been discussion recently about the use of PAD as adjuvant treatment in periodontitis and peri‐implantitis. Clinical study results to date have been very variable, so there are still no accurate recommendations regarding the practical application . Bonito et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The antimicrobial effect is reduced by a biofilm; therefore, the adjunctive treatment should be applied after conservative therapy. Eighteen randomized clinical studies were compared in a systematic review and the potential additional effect of PDT on top of initial treatment was investigated . Eight of the 18 studies had statistically significantly better results in probing depth and clinical attachment level after adjuvant PDT compared to conservative treatment alone; however, the remaining 10 studies showed no significant differences in these parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical study results to date have F I G U R E 3 Bleeding on probing percentages for baseline and reevaluation in both treatment groups; BOP = bleeding on probing; SRP = scaling and root planing; PAD = photoactivated disinfection been very variable, so there are still no accurate recommendations regarding the practical application. 51 Bonito et al have shown that SRP does not eliminate all pathogenic bacteria. 7 At most, SRP brings about a temporary reduction in microorganisms, but reinfection can occur in <2 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoactivated disinfection in periodontal treatment: A randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth trial

Husejnagic

Lettner

Laky

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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Background Photoactivated disinfection (PAD) could support the periodontal treatment outcome. The effect of the light emitting diode (LED) as an innovative light source in PAD is under discussion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effect of adjunctive PAD in the treatment of periodontitis with a red LED as light source. Methods Twenty patients with periodontitis completed this split‐mouth study. The left and right side of the jaws were randomly assigned to either test or control group. After conservative periodontal treatment in both groups, the test group received two sessions of adjunctive PAD (red LED, 635 nm, photosensitive dye, 0.01% tolonium chloride), whereas the control group received no adjunctive PAD. The parameters of clinical periodontal examination—including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and microbiological assays (PCR) were evaluated before and after treatment. Results After 3 months, both treatment groups showed significant improvements regarding BOP, PD, and CAL compared to baseline, with no significant difference between control and treatment group. The recolonization of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema denticola was reduced after adjuvant treatment, but not significantly. Conclusions The positive effect of adjunctive PAD regarding clinical parameters was reported in recent trials. In this study and with the current settings, both treatment groups showed similar clinical results after initial periodontal treatment, without beneficial effect of adjunctive PAD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoactivated disinfection in periodontal treatment: A randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth trial

Husejnagic

Lettner

Laky

et al. 2019

Journal of Periodontology

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“…Phenothiazinium PSs have been shown to be highly effective and safe for this purpose. 29 However, scaling/root planing should be performed before the PDT. While performing the PDT, PS should be first injected in the periodontal pocket and allowed to pigment for 120 seconds.…”

Section: Photodynamic Therapy In Dentistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy in Endodontics

Mohammadi¹,

Jafarzadeh²,

Shalavi³

et al. 2017

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Commonly used irrigants do not always eradicate the entire microbial flora in infected root canals. Therefore, several other strategies, such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been developed. Photoactivated disinfection is based on the interaction of a photosensitive antibacterial agent and a light source. It uses a nontoxic dye named photosensitizer (PS) and lowintensity visible light. In oxygen presentation, these combine to produce some cytotoxic species. The PS molecules attach to bacteria membrane. Irradiation with a specific wavelength of the light may lead to the production of singlet oxygen, resulting in rupture of the microbial cell wall. There are several applications for PDT in dentistry. A successful periodontal treatment is based on elimination of bacteria from the infected area. Phenothiazinium PSs have been shown to be highly effective and safe for this purpose. However, scaling/root planing should be performed before the PDT. While performing the PDT, PS should be first injected in the periodontal pocket and allowed to pigment. Then, the special fiber should be inserted 1 mm short of the pocket base and lased. Photodynamic therapy has also been used to disinfect caries dentin before restoration, disinfecting oral tissues before or during surgical procedures, treating denture stomatitis, and treating oral candidiasis in immunocompromised patients. Photodynamic therapy can be used in combination with mechanical instrumentation and chemical antimicrobial agents, such as sodium hypochlorite, too. The purpose of this study was to review historical perspective, mechanism of action, and applications of PDT in dentistry and especially in endodontics was reviewed. Furthermore, the effects of PDT on dentin bonding and endotoxin are discussed.Clinical significance: Photodynamic therapy has been advocated to increase the disinfection level of the root canal system.

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Use of Platelet Rich Fibrin for Periodontal Regeneration/Repair of Intrabony and Furcation Defects

Miron¹,

Mealey²,

Wang³

2017

Platelet Rich Fibrin in Regenerative Dentistry: Biological Background and Clinical Indications

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Is Photodynamic Therapy an Effective Treatment for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Infections?

Cited by 50 publications

References 53 publications

Photoactivated disinfection in periodontal treatment: A randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth trial

Photoactivated disinfection in periodontal treatment: A randomized controlled clinical split‐mouth trial

Photodynamic Therapy in Endodontics

Use of Platelet Rich Fibrin for Periodontal Regeneration/Repair of Intrabony and Furcation Defects

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