Is osteoporosis a predictor for future sarcopenia or vice versa? Four-year observations between the second and third ROAD study surveys

Abstract

OP might raise the short-term risk of SP incidence. Therefore, OP would not only increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture but may also increase the risk for SP occurrence.

Chapter 2 Epidemiology of sarcopenia

“…Yoshimura et al examined the relationship between osteoporosis (World Health Organization criteria) and sarcopenia (AWGS criteria) based on the results of a survey of bone mineral density in 1099 participants residing locally, and determined that the prevalence of osteoporosis was 24.9%. In addition, although 18.9% of these patients were determined to be complicated by sarcopenia, the prevalence of sarcopenia was 8.2%, and the complication by osteoporosis was reported in 57.3% of these patients . As a result of a survey of 2400 participants investigating the rate of complication by sarcopenia by the degree of bone mineral density carried out by Miyakoshi et al , the prevalence of sarcopenia in the lumbar spine bone mineral density groups (normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic) was 10.4%, 16.8% and 20.4%, respectively.…”

“…The prevalence of sarcopenia in Asia was also reported to be relatively high. However, as a result of a subsequent large‐scale survey targeting Japanese, the prevalence of sarcopenia was found to be between 7.5% ( n = 4811) and 8.2% ( n = 1099) . As such, whether sarcopenia can be particularly prevalent in Asia remains unclear …”

“…Osteoporosis can be complicated by sarcopenia, leading to gait disorders and loss of balancing capacity . Among patients with a history of falls, the prevalence of sarcopenia is high in both men and women (odds ratio men: 4.42; women: 2.34) .…”

“…Complication by sarcopenia in osteoporosis causes falls due to the decrease in muscle mass and muscle strength, leading to further loss of bone mineral density and bone strength, resulting in osteoporotic fragility fractures . Conversely, the presence of osteoporosis significantly increases a patient's risk of developing sarcopenia in the near future …”

“…Yoshimura et al analyzed whether osteoporosis (World Health Organization criteria) is correlated with future onset of sarcopenia (AWGS criteria) based on data gathered during a bone mineral density survey of 1099 community‐dwelling older people. As a result, the cumulative incidence rate of sarcopenia was determined to be 2.0% annually, and the prevalence of osteoporosis was found to be significantly correlated with the development of sarcopenia (odds ratio 2.99 [adjusted for confounding factors]) …”