Is Neighborhood Green Space Associated With a Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes? Evidence From 267,072 Australians

Astell-Burt, Thomas; Feng, Xiaoqi; Kolt, Gregory S.

doi:10.2337/dc13-1325

Cited by 184 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Comprehensive data on health, behavioral, socioeconomic and geographic aspects were collected using a questionnaire. After controlling for potential confounders, individuals living in greener surroundings have a significantly lower risk of diabetes and, particularly in women, of overweight and obesity, independently of physical activity and sitting time (82), in line with the findings of an earlier study on green environment and health (83). In addition, greener surroundings seemed to be linked to longer/better quality of sleep, and this association remained after controlling for psychological distress, physical activity and socioeconomic factors (84).…”

Section: Home and Its Surroundingsupporting

confidence: 77%

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

et al. 2015

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Urban living in built environments, combined with the use of processed water and food, may not provide the microbial stimulation necessary for a balanced development of immune function. Many chronic inflammatory disorders, including allergic, autoimmune, metabolic, and even some behavioural disorders, are linked to alteration in the human commensal microbiota. Sedentary lifestyle is associated with reduced exposure to a broad spectrum of environmental micro-organisms and surplus energy balance, both risk factors of chronic inflammatory disorders. According to the Biodiversity Hypothesis, an environment with diverse macrobiota and microbiota modifies and enriches the human microbiota, which in turn is crucial in the development and maintenance of appropriate immune function. These issues were discussed in the symposium Chronic Inflammation, Lifestyle and Environment , held in Helsinki, 20 - 22 August 2014, under the sponsorship of the Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation. This paper briefly outlines the recent findings in the context of the environment, lifestyle, and health; discusses the forces that undermine immune tolerance in urban environments; and highlights the possibilities to restore broken immune tolerance among urban dwellers, summarizing the main messages in four statements and calling for actions to combat major public health threats

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Section: Home and Its Surroundingsupporting

confidence: 77%

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

et al. 2015

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“…Prospective studies using objective measures of habitual sleep, over either longer and shorter periods of time, however, are needed to further explore this hypothesis. Given the positive impact of greenspace and the natural amenities on other health outcomes influenced by sleep such as diabetes, 69 our study has important implications for population-based health programs concerned with developing policies to improve the “outdoor” environment as a mechanism for reducing adverse health outcomes. 70 Additional factors (e.g., air quality) in the natural environment may be important to consider with respect to influences on sleep quality for racial ethnic groups, especially since we found that higher levels of exposure to positive attributes of the natural environment did not result in better sleep quality for Whites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sleep insufficiency and the natural environment: Results from the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey

Grigsby-Toussaint

Turi

Krupa

et al. 2015

Preventive Medicine

100

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Background Exposure to the natural environment may improve health behaviors and mental health outcomes such as increased levels of physical activity and lower levels of depression associated with sleep quality. Little is known about the relationship between insufficient sleep and the natural environment. Purpose To determine whether exposure to attributes of the natural environment (e.g., greenspace) attenuates the likelihood of reporting insufficient sleep among US adults. Methods Multiple logistic regression models were used to explore the association between self-reported days of insufficient sleep (in the past 30 days) and access to the natural environment in a multi-ethnic, nationally representative sample (n=255,171) of US adults ≥18 years of age enrolled in the 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Results Using 1-to-6 days of insufficient sleep as the referent group for all analyses, lower odds of exposure to natural amenities were observed for individuals reporting 21-to-29 days (OR=0.843, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.747, 0.951) of insufficient sleep. In stratified analyses, statistically significant lower odds of exposure to natural amenities was found among men reporting7-to-13-days (OR = 0.911, 95% CI = 0.857, 0.968), 21-to-29-days (OR=0.838, 95% CI=0.759, 0.924), and 30-days (OR=0.860, 95%CI=0.784, 0.943) of insufficient sleep. Greenspace access was also protective against insufficient sleep for men and individuals aged 65+. Conclusions In a representative sample of US adults, access to the natural environment attenuated the likelihood of reporting insufficient sleep, particularly among men. Additional studies are needed to examine the impact of natural environment exposure on sleep insufficiency across various socio-demographic groups.

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“…One study reported that the percentage of green space within a one or three kilometers of residence was associated with the perception of better overall health (Maas et al, 2006), and access to green space has been associated with improved health status, including lower body weight (Astell-Burt et al, 2013a; Pereira et al, 2013) lower risk of cardiovascular disease (Pereira et al, 2012), and diabetes (Astell-Burt et al, 2013b). Due to the complex relationship between socioeconomic factors, physical activity and green space (Lee and Maheswaran, 2011), it is challenging to determine the mechanisms underlying this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green space and mortality following ischemic stroke

Wilker

McNeely³

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

109

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Background Residential proximity to green space has been associated with physical and mental health benefits, but whether green space is associated with post-stroke survival has not been studied. Methods Patients ≥21 years of age admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) between 1999 and 2008 with acute ischemic stroke were identified. Demographics, presenting symptoms, medical history and imaging results were abstracted from medical records at the time of hospitalization for stroke onset. Addresses were linked to average Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, distance to roadways with more than 10,000 cars/day, and US census block group. Deaths were identified through June 2012 using the Social Security Death Index. Results There were 929 deaths among 1,645 patients with complete data (median follow up: 5 years). In multivariable Cox models adjusted for indicators of medical history, demographic and socioeconomic factors, the hazard ratio for patients living in locations in the highest quartile of green space compared to the lowest quartile was 0.78 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.63 to 0.97) (p-trend=0.009). This association remained statistically significant after adjustment for residential proximity to a high traffic road. Conclusions Residential proximity to green space is associated with higher survival rates after ischemic stroke in multivariable adjusted models. Further work is necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for this association, and to better understand the exposure-response relationships and susceptibility factors that may contribute to higher mortality in low green space areas.

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Is Neighborhood Green Space Associated With a Lower Risk of Type 2 Diabetes? Evidence From 267,072 Australians

Cited by 184 publications

References 12 publications

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

Sleep insufficiency and the natural environment: Results from the US Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey

Green space and mortality following ischemic stroke

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