Is multidimensional scaling suitable for mapping the input respiratory impedance in subjects and patients?

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThis paper presents the application of multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis to data emerging from noninvasive lung function tests, namely the input respiratory impedance.The aim is to obtain a geometrical mapping of the diseases in a 3D space representation, allowing analysis of (dis)similarities between subjects within the same pathology groups, as well as between the various groups. The adult patient groups investigated were healthy, diagnosed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and diagnosed kyphoscoliosis, respectively. The children patient groups were healthy, asthma and cystic fibrosis. The results suggest that MDS can be successfully employed for mapping purposes of restrictive (kyphoscoliosis) and obstructive (COPD) pathologies. Hence, MDS tools can be further examined to define clear limits between pools of patients for clinical classification, and used as a training aid for medical traineeship.

In memory of Professor José António Tenreiro Machado (1957–2021)

“…As one major contribution, he proposed new entropic formulations, namely the so-called Machado’s entropy [ 28 ] and other formulations in the framework of FC [ 29 , 30 ]. In [ 31 ], multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis was successfully applied to data from noninvasive lung tests. The purpose was to obtain a geometrical mapping to distinguish (dis)similarities between patients in same and distinct patient groups.…”

Multidimensional Scaling for Orthodontic Root Resorption

“…The MDS plot consists of a series of points where each one represents an item. The maps can be rotated, translated, and zoomed in order to provide a better visualization of a given area [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. The interpretation of the chart is based on relative position of clusters of points and takes advantage of the user intuition and experience in the particular field of application, making MDS a powerful tool for the type of data handled in this study.…”

Multidimensional scaling visualization of earthquake phenomena

“…MDS has been used in a large variety of real data, from finances, marketing, sociology, physics, political science, biology, and biomedics (Ramsay 1980;Matheus et al 2006;Tzagarakis et al 2009;Tenreiro Machado et al 2011a, b, c;Ionescu et al 2011). Other relevant research areas, such as the one in wireless network sensors, are also becoming interested in the MDS analysis (Ji and Zha 2004;Chan and So 2009).…”

“…(6), and the quantity h ij (Ionescu et al 2011) formulated as: Fig. 8 Magnitude of the FT of the signal x FE (t), which represents the seismic activity in the F-E region number 19.…”