Is morphology telling the truth about the evolution of the species rich genus Peperomia (Piperaceae)?

Samain, Marie‐Stéphanie; Vanderschaeve, Liesbeth; Chaerle, Peter; Goetghebeur, Paul; Neinhuis, Christoph; Wanke, Stefan

doi:10.1007/s00606-008-0113-0

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Specimens used in this study are mostly identical to those used for the phylogeny of Wanke et al (2006) and Samain et al (2009). This relatively limited number of species sampled has proven to be highly representative for the whole genus based on the currently largely extended sampling performed in our ongoing research (H. T. Horner, S. Wanke, and M.-S. Samain, unpublished data).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This relatively limited number of species sampled has proven to be highly representative for the whole genus based on the currently largely extended sampling performed in our ongoing research (H. T. Horner, S. Wanke, and M.-S. Samain, unpublished data). Table 1 shows the 45 investigated species with affiliation to their respective clades according to Samain et al (2007Samain et al ( , 2009. Voucher information can be obtained from table 2 of Wanke et al (2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study has focused on the genus Peperomia because it is one of the largest angiosperm genera, displaying an extreme diversity of leaf texture, shape, succulence, lamina size and thickness, coloration, venation, and crystals. In addition, a robust and well-supported backbone phylogeny based on molecular and morphological data is available for all studies within this genus (Wanke et al 2006;Samain et al 2009). Hence, Peperomia represents a challenging opportunity to investigate leaf calcium oxalate crystal macropattern variation and evolution in a monophyletic yet highly diverse genus.…”

Section: Evolution Of Crystal Macropatterns In Peperomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a recent study (Samain et al 2009) has shown that many traditionally used characters have been subject to parallel evolution. Hence, the genus Peperomia is lacking synapomorphies for infrageneric groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and Systematic Value of Leaf Crystal Macropatterns in the GenusPeperomia(Piperaceae)

Horner¹,

Wanke²,

Samain³

2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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Leaves of Peperomia species vary in texture, shape, succulence, lamina size, thickness, coloration, and venation. Each leaf contains only calcium oxalate druses in palisade cells, druses in palisade and raphides in spongy parenchyma, or druses in palisade and prisms in spongy parenchyma. Collectively, these variations create distinct crystal macropatterns. Leaves from 45 species were studied to identify their macropatterns and to compare the macropatterns with molecular data. Microscopic data showed two major crystal macropatterns and five variations of them. All but one species displayed either a single druse in most palisade cells forming one or more uniform crystal layers (81.8%, uniform) or a single druse per cell in palisade cells only above veins forming a reticulate pattern (18.2%, reticulate). Most species (77.3%) did not display any crystals in spongy parenchyma; however, some clades showed spongy parenchyma raphide bundles while others had prisms. Several clades displayed more than one macropattern. Based only on crystal macropatterns, data did not demonstrate a specific phylogenetic trend and failed as synapomorphies for most of the clades. However, crystal macropattern evolution in Peperomia is generally characterized by an increasing complexity of the distribution of druses, raphides, and prisms, with few reversals. Leaves of Peperomia species vary in texture, shape, succulence, lamina size, thickness, coloration, and venation. Each leaf contains only calcium oxalate druses in palisade cells, druses in palisade and raphides in spongy parenchyma, or druses in palisade and prisms in spongy parenchyma. Collectively, these variations create distinct crystal macropatterns. Leaves from 45 species were studied to identify their macropatterns and to compare the macropatterns with molecular data. Microscopic data showed two major crystal macropatterns and five variations of them. All but one species displayed either a single druse in most palisade cells forming one or more uniform crystal layers (81.8%, uniform) or a single druse per cell in palisade cells only above veins forming a reticulate pattern (18.2%, reticulate). Most species (77.3%) did not display any crystals in spongy parenchyma; however, some clades showed spongy parenchyma raphide bundles while others had prisms. Several clades displayed more than one macropattern. Based only on crystal macropatterns, data did not demonstrate a specific phylogenetic trend and failed as synapomorphies for most of the clades. However, crystal macropattern evolution in Peperomia is generally characterized by an increasing complexity of the distribution of druses, raphides, and prisms, with few reversals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolution Of Crystal Macropatterns In Peperomiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution and Systematic Value of Leaf Crystal Macropatterns in the GenusPeperomia(Piperaceae)

Horner¹,

Wanke²,

Samain³

2009

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…The phylogenetic relationships within Piperales have been progressively resolved over recent years, and this provides a well-founded basis from family to generic levels to be used for ancestral character state reconstructions (Jaramillo and Manos 2001;Nickrent et al 2002;Jaramillo et al 2004;Neinhuis et al 2005;Ohi-Toma et al 2006;Wanke et al 2006Wanke et al , 2007aWanke et al , 2007bSamain et al 2009;Naumann et al 2013). This provides the opportunity to explore the variations in cambial activity and wood anatomy in this large order and to reconstruct the putative ancestral cambial activity and wood features of Piperales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Stem Anatomy and the Evolution of Woodiness in Piperales

Trueba

Rowe

Neinhuis

et al. 2015

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. The University of Chicago Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to International Journal of Plant Sciences.Editor: William E. Friedman Premise of research. Piperales displays a wide diversity of growth forms that appears to be linked with differences in cambial activity and subsequent derived wood production. To date, no overall synthesis of the evolution of woodiness in Piperales has been done and few studies have proposed an ancestral habit (woody/ herbaceous). We provide anatomical data of all lineages within Piperales and reconstruct ancestral character states, focusing on the origin of woodiness within the order and on the ecological significance of key anatomical features.Methodology. Stem anatomical observations with special emphasis on wood anatomical features were performed on 28 species of the Piperales; by combining previously published studies with original data, we conducted phylogenetic reconstructions of cambial activity and vessel element perforation plates to assess the origin of woodiness and vessel evolution in Piperales.Pivotal results. Different patterns of cambial activity are observed in Piperales, from active secondary growth in both intra-and interfascicular areas in Aristolochia, Thottea (Aristolochiaceae), Saruma (Asaraceae), Manekia, and Piper (Piperaceae) to cambial activity mainly restricted to fascicular areas in Saururaceae and a complete lack of secondary growth in Verhuellia. Vessels in Piperaceae, Aristolochiaceae, and Asaraceae present simple perforation plates, while those of Saururaceae are mostly scalariform. A stem endodermis bearing a Casparian bandan atypical feature in aerial stems-is reported for all genera within the Piperaceae and for Saururus and Houttuynia in the Saururaceae.Conclusions. The common ancestor of the order likely had an active cambium and woody habit, including vessel elements with simple perforation plates. All woody species share several wood features, including wide and tall rays, suggesting a single origin of wood in the order. The high diversity of growth forms observed in Piperales is linked to frequent shifts in cambial activity and changes in habit-related features within the different lineages.

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Plant pressure sensitive adhesives: similar chemical properties in distantly related plant lineages

Frenzke

Lederer

Malanin

et al. 2016

Planta

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A mixture of resins based on aliphatic esters and carboxylic acids occurs in distantly related genera Peperomia and Roridula , serving different functions as adhesion in seed dispersal and prey capture. According to mechanical characteristics, adhesive secretions on both leaves of the carnivorous flypaper Roridula gorgonias and epizoochorous fruits of Peperomia polystachya were expected to be similar. The chemical analysis of these adhesives turned out to be challenging because of the limited available mass for analysis. Size exclusion chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were suitable methods for the identification of a mixture of compounds, most appropriately containing natural resins based on aliphatic esters and carboxylic acids. The IR spectra of the Peperomia and Roridula adhesive resemble each other; they correspond to that of a synthetic ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, but slightly differ from that of natural tree resins. Thus, the pressure sensitive adhesive properties of the plant adhesives are chemically proved. Such adhesives seem to appear independently in distantly related plant lineages, habitats, life forms, as well as plant organs, and serve different functions such as prey capture in Roridula and fruit dispersal in Peperomia. However, more detailed chemical analyses still remain challenging because of the small available volume of plant adhesive.

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Is morphology telling the truth about the evolution of the species rich genus Peperomia (Piperaceae)?

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Evolution and Systematic Value of Leaf Crystal Macropatterns in the GenusPeperomia(Piperaceae)

Evolution and Systematic Value of Leaf Crystal Macropatterns in the GenusPeperomia(Piperaceae)

Stem Anatomy and the Evolution of Woodiness in Piperales

Plant pressure sensitive adhesives: similar chemical properties in distantly related plant lineages

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