Is Mood Congruency an Effect of Genuine Memory or Response Bias?

Fiedler, Klaus; Nickel, Stefanie; Muehlfriedel, Thomas; Unkelbach, Christian

doi:10.1006/jesp.2000.1442

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Notably, in Study 1, the effect of anxiety on impression formation was not mediated by memory, and this is inconsistent with affect-priming theory. The results of Study 1 are consistent with the predictions of affect-asinformation theory, inasmuch as affect-as-information theory does not make any predictions about encoding and memory (Fiedler, Nickel, Muehlfriedel, & Unkelbach, 2001). In Study 2, anxious participants were required to attribute their anxiety to a source other than the impressionformation target.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Anxiety and impression formation: Direct information rather than priming explains affect-congruity

Curtis

Locke

2007

Cognition & Emotion

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Both affect-priming and affect-as-information theories predict that when people are anxious they will form affect-congruent impressions of others, but via different mechanisms. Affect-priming asserts that memory mediates the influence of anxiety on judgement, whereas affect-as-information asserts that people attribute anxiety to the target of judgement. As these theories predicted, anxious participants in Study 1 found an impression-formation target to be more threatening than did control participants. However, this effect was not mediated by memory, and was attenuated in Study 2 when anxious participants attributed their affect to a source other than the target. These findings suggest that anxious people form affect-congruent impressions of others because they attribute their anxiety to the impressionformation target rather than because anxiety primes affect-congruent memory.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Anxiety and impression formation: Direct information rather than priming explains affect-congruity

Curtis

Locke

2007

Cognition & Emotion

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“…In fact, research has demonstrated that individuals who are depressed (Quiggle, Garber, Panak, & Dodge, 1992) or are high in trait anger (Kirsh & Olczak, 2000) interpret ambiguous provocation situations (i.e., an individual gets hurt, but the intent of the provocateur may be either benign or malevolent) as stemming from hostile intent. Consistent with this finding that violent video game exposure influences attentional bias, research on mood congruent memory suggests that individuals with a negative mood are more likely to remember negatively valenced information better than other emotionally valenced information (Fiedler, Nickel, Muehlfriedel, & Unkelbach, 2001). Together, these findings suggest that violent video game play renders aggressive stimuli more salient, resulting in biased attention, cognition, and memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Violent Video Games Induce an Affect Processing Bias

Kirsh¹,

Olczak²,

Mounts³

2005

Media Psychology

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“…Moreover, the moods were maintained throughout encoding and retrieval although the effects diminished slightly and were small-to-medium sized at the end of each. This is not unexpected as induced moods are typically experienced for less than 10 min (e.g., Fiedler, Nickel, Muehlfriedel, & Unkelbach, 2001;Gilboa, Roberts, & Gotlib, 1997;Varner & Ellis, 1998).…”

Section: Mood-manipulation Checkmentioning

confidence: 74%