Is moderation of protease production an adaptation of well-defined anthropization in dermatophytes?

Gokulshankar, S.; Ranjitsingh, A. J. A.; Venkatesan, G.; Ranjith, M. S.; Vijayalakshmi, G. S.; Prabhamanju, M.; Subashini, S.

doi:10.4103/0377-4929.59191

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, it is really intriguing to know the reason for low protease production during sporulation in all the anthropophilic groups of dermatophytes when the geophilic and zoophilic organisms showed almost statistically comparable levels of protease production during both the phases of growth [26]. Is this moderation of enzyme activity during sporulation an adaptation of well-defined anthropophization?…”

Section: Protease Moderation In Dermatophytes and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Parasitism and Pathogenic Adaptations in Certain Medically Important Fungi

Sabesan¹,

AJA²,

Mehenderkar³

et al. 2022

Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fungi are eukaryotes designated as a separate kingdom because of their unique characteristics different from both animals and plants. Fungi are mainly classified into two major types as “saprobes” and “parasites” depending on their type of nutrition and existence. It is postulated that the present-day parasites also once existed as saprophytes in the soil. It is also curious to find the reasons on what early events could have been responsible for the evolution of the saprobes into human parasites? During this process of evolution, some of the anthropophilic organisms have totally lost all their soil-inhabiting traits and the ability for saprophytic survival, while few others have successfully retained their ability to survive in two different ecological niches (soil and animal/human host). The various possible reasons, such as predation, antagonism, and other factors contributing to the emergence of parasitic adaptations, are discussed using examples of dermatophytes, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Histoplasma capsulatum.

show abstract

Section: Protease Moderation In Dermatophytes and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Parasitism and Pathogenic Adaptations in Certain Medically Important Fungi

Sabesan¹,

AJA²,

Mehenderkar³

et al. 2022

Infectious Diseases

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Determining the Pathogenic Potential of Non-sporulating Molds Isolated from Cutaneous Specimens

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Although non-sporulating molds (NSM) are frequently isolated from patients and have been recognized as agents of pulmonary disease, their clinical significance in cutaneous specimens is relatively unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to identify NSM and to determine the keratinolytic activity of isolates from cutaneous sites. NSM isolates from clinical specimens such as skin, nail, and body fluids were identified based on their ribosomal DNA sequences. Of 17 NSM isolates (7 Ascomycota, 10 Basidiomycota), eleven were identified to species level while five were identified to the genus level. These include Schizophyllum commune, a known human pathogen, Phoma multirostrata, a plant pathogen, and Perenniporia tephropora, a saprophyte. To determine fungal pathogenicity, keratinolytic activity, a major virulence factor, was evaluated ex vivo using human nail samples by measuring dye release from keratin azure, for NSM along with pathogens (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum canis and Fusarium spp.) and nonpathogenic (endophyte) fungi for comparison. This study showed that pathogenic fungi had the highest keratinolytic activity (7.13 ± 0.552 keratinase units) while the nonpathogenic endophytes had the lowest activity (2.37 ± 0.262 keratinase units). Keratinolytic activity of two Ascomycota NSM (Guignardia mangiferae and Hypoxylon sp.) and one Basidiomycota NSM (Fomitopsis cf. meliae) was equivalent to that of pathogenic fungi, while Xylaria feejeensis showed significantly higher activity (p < 0.05) than nonpathogenic endophytes. These results indicate that the pathogenic ability of NSM is species dependent; clinical isolates, especially more frequently isolated species, may be involved in disease etiology.

show abstract

Is moderation of protease production an adaptation of well-defined anthropization in dermatophytes?

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Evolution of Parasitism and Pathogenic Adaptations in Certain Medically Important Fungi

Evolution of Parasitism and Pathogenic Adaptations in Certain Medically Important Fungi

Determining the Pathogenic Potential of Non-sporulating Molds Isolated from Cutaneous Specimens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About