Is language impairment more common than executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

Taylor, Lauren; Brown, Richard G.; Tsermentseli, Stella; Al‐Chalabi, Ammar; Shaw, Christopher E.; Ellis, Claire; Leigh, P. Nigel; Goldstein, Laura H.

doi:10.1136/jnnp-2012-303526

Cited by 140 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A pioneering report of selective action-language deficits in MND [6] was corroborated in subsequent clinical [13][14][15] and neuroimaging [16] studies. Additional imaging evidence obtained from neurotypical samples indicates that the processing of linguistic stimuli related to specific body parts (e.g., the word kick) activates motor contentspecific regions (e.g., cortical areas engaged by leg movement) [17][18][19], but see 20,21].…”

Section: The Emergence Of Motorlanguage Approaches In the Study Of Nementioning

confidence: 90%

Words in motion: Motor-language coupling in Parkinson’s disease

García¹,

Ibáñez²

2014

Translational Neuroscience

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In recent years, the disruption of non-motor functions in motor disease has emerged as a promising topic for both basic and translational neuroscience. Impairments of movement and cognition were long regarded as separate phenomena [1]. However, a growing body of evidence indicates that neurodegenerative motor disorders also involve high-order cognitive dysfunctions, ranging from working memory, attention, and executive processing deficits [2][3][4], to impairments of language [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and action knowledge [11]. Further data comes from studies showing that the same genes (e.g., C9orf72) are involved in diseases once perceived as purely motor or purely cognitive, such as motor neuron disease (MND) and frontotemporal dementia, respectively [12].A cognitive domain which seems to be specifically compromised in motor diseases is action language, that is, processing of linguistic stimuli denoting motor actions, including idioms (e.g., cut a rug) and action verbs Words in moTion: moTor-lAnguAge couPling in PArkinson's diseAse Abstract A growing body of evidence indicates that neurodegenerative motor disorders involved high-order cognitive dysfunctions. Crucially, evidence obtained in multiple behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies points to selective impairments of action language -that is, processing of linguistic stimuli denoting motor actions, including idioms (e.g., cut a rug) and action verbs (e.g., clap). Action-verb deficits (with relative preservation of noun processing) have been repeatedly documented in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, research on relevant biomarkers is still scant, and clinical implications of these findings have not yet been formally discussed. Relevant insights may be obtained through the assessment of motor-language coupling (i.e., the behavioral and neural integration of action-verb processing and ongoing motor actions). We propose that motorlanguage coupling deficits, as indexed by a cortical-subcortical network, may constitute an early neurocognitive marker of PD. Specifically, deficits in this domain at the prodromal stage may be detected through the actionsentence compatibility (ACE) paradigm, which induces a contextual coupling of ongoing motor actions and action-verb processing. Our translational proposal is supported and illustrated by recent studies demonstrating the sensitivity of the ACE technique as well as its potential to assist in differential diagnosis and interventionprogram design.

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Section: The Emergence Of Motorlanguage Approaches In the Study Of Nementioning

confidence: 90%

Words in motion: Motor-language coupling in Parkinson’s disease

García¹,

Ibáñez²

2014

Translational Neuroscience

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“…36 A further study demonstrated deficits in syntactic comprehension in 5 of 6 patients who presented with an aphasic syndrome in the context of ALS. 37 Impaired performance on the TROG was reported in 35% of ALS patients in one study, 38 whereas as many as 72% of nondemented ALS patients were reported to be impaired on a Japanese test of syntactic comprehension. 39 Unlike the present study, previous studies have been small, or have not distinguished cases of ALS from those with ALS-FTD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Syntactic comprehension deficits across the FTD-ALS continuum

Kamminga

Leslie

Hsieh

et al. 2016

Neurobiology of Aging

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“…While traditionally executive dysfunction is regarded as the most common type of cognitive impairment in ALS, high prevalence of language impairment has been Figure 4 Concordance of key C9orf72-specific gray and white matter clusters with reference of healthy controls as identified by various imaging techniques recently established. 24 Our study highlights extensive focal white and gray matter changes in the pars triangularis and pars opercularis regions of the left inferior frontal lobe in association with the C9orf72 ALS genotype (figure e-1). These regions represent the Broca area for most right-handed and the majority of left-handed people.…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiparametric MRI study of ALS stratified for the C9orf72 genotype

et al. 2013

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Objective: To describe the patterns of cortical and subcortical changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stratified for the C9orf72 genotype.Methods: A prospective, single-center, single-protocol, gray and white matter magnetic resonance case-control imaging study was undertaken with 30 C9orf72-negative patients with ALS, 9 patients with ALS carrying the C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion, and 44 healthy controls. Tractbased spatial statistics of multiple white matter diffusion parameters, cortical thickness measurements, and voxel-based morphometry analyses were carried out. All patients underwent comprehensive genetic and neuropsychological profiling.Results: A congruent pattern of cortical and subcortical involvement was identified in those with the C9orf72 genotype, affecting fusiform, thalamic, supramarginal, and orbitofrontal regions and the Broca area. White matter abnormalities in the C9orf72-negative group were relatively confined to corticospinal and cerebellar pathways with limited extramotor expansion. The body of the corpus callosum and superior motor tracts were affected in both ALS genotypes. Conclusions: Extensive cortical and subcortical frontotemporal involvement was identified in associ-ation with the C9orf72 genotype, compared to the relatively limited extramotor pathology in patients with C9orf72-negative ALS. The distinctive, genotype-specific pathoanatomical patterns are consistent with the neuropsychological profile of the 2 ALS cohorts. Our findings suggest that previously described extramotor changes in ALS could be largely driven by those with the C9orf72 genotype. GLOSSARY ALS 5 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; C9neg 5 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis not carrying the hexanucleotide repeat expansion on C9orf72; C9pos 5 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis carrying the hexanucleotide repeat expansion on C9orf72 ( .30 repeats); DTI 5 diffusion tensor imaging; FA 5 fractional anisotropy; FDR 5 false discovery rate; FOV 5 field of view; FTD 5 frontotemporal dementia; HC 5 healthy controls; MD 5 mean diffusivity; RD 5 radial diffusivity; TBSS 5 tract-based spatial statistics; TE 5 echo time; TFCE 5 threshold-free cluster enhancement; TR 5 repetition time; VBM 5 voxel-based morphometry.

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Is language impairment more common than executive dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

Cited by 140 publications

References 32 publications

Words in motion: Motor-language coupling in Parkinson’s disease

Words in motion: Motor-language coupling in Parkinson’s disease

Syntactic comprehension deficits across the FTD-ALS continuum

Multiparametric MRI study of ALS stratified for the C9orf72 genotype

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