Is ionizing radiation effective in removing pharmaceuticals from wastewater?

Tominaga, Flávio Kiyoshi; Silva, Thalita Tieko; Boiani, Nathalia Fonseca; Jesus, Juliana Mendonça Silva de; Teixeira, Antônio Carlos Silva Costa; Borrely, Sueli Ivone

doi:10.1007/s11356-020-11718-8

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…One study reported approximately 80% toxicity removal efficiency for D. similis exposed to binary mixture of fluoxetine and propranolol irradiated at 5.0 kGy [18]. The radiation effects of pharmaceuticals mixture were also evaluated, where a 50% reduction in toxicity was evidenced for a binary mixture containing fluoxetine and diclofenac, irradiated at 5.0 kGy [16]. An 80% toxicity reduction for D. similis was demonstrated in samples of fluoxetine diluted in raw domestic sewage irradiated at 5.0 kGy [19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EBI leads to water radiolysis, which generates important reactive species for degrading contaminants such as •OH and eaq-radicals [22]. This technology has been demonstrating effective for removing pollutants at low doses [16,17,18,19]. Nevertheless, EBI is less effective for TOC removal, requiring high absorbed for complete mineralization into carbon dioxide, thus generating intermediates such as carboxylic acids and aldehydes, among others [23].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pharmaceuticals do not occur individually but as a complex mixture. Most works focus on the degradation and toxicity removal of a single compound or binary mixtures [16,17,18,19]. In this study, we focused on the toxicity removal of tertiary mixtures containing fluoxetine, propranolol, diclofenac, acetylsalicylic acid, metformin, and sulfadiazine (PRP+FLX+SDZ; PRP+FLX+DIC; ASA+FLX+MET).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity Removal of Pharmaceuticals Mixtures through Electron Beam Irradiation

Boiani

Tominaga²,

Borrely³

2022

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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Contamination of the aquatic environment by pharmaceuticals is becoming a global phenomenon of growing concern. Pharmaceuticals can be only partially metabolized during therapeutic use, resulting in the excretion and release of residual fractions into sewage, unaltered or in the form of metabolites they may remain active in sewage treatment facilities for a long time. Many studies have shown that wastewater treatment plants are not designed to eliminate these compounds, as such the main source of drug residues in the aquatic environment. Due to their frequency and detection in the environment, persistence and toxicity, the most studied pharmaceutical groups are antibiotics, psychiatric drugs, hormones, analgesics and anti-inflammatory, β-blockers, and antidiabetic drugs. Advanced Oxidative Processes (AOPs) have been applied as an alternative or complement to conventional sewage treatment processes, aiming the degradation and removal of toxic pollutants. Electron beam irradiation (EBI) is considered a clean process that offers an environmentally friendly alternative to degrade pollutants in the aquatic environment. This technology has been demonstrated effective for removal of multiclass pharmaceutical residues present in wastewater by using low doses (2.5-5.0 kGy). In this present study, we focused on toxicity removal of three different tertiary mixtures of pharmaceuticals, which showed toxicity removal efficiency around 80% for the mixture of Propranolol, Fluoxetine and Diclofenac; 75% for the mixture of Propranolol, Fluoxetine and Sulfadiazine; and 30% for the mixture of Acetylsalicylic acid, Fluoxetine and Metformin.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toxicity Removal of Pharmaceuticals Mixtures through Electron Beam Irradiation

Boiani

Tominaga²,

Borrely³

2022

Braz. J. Rad. Sci.

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“…In turn, ecotoxicity assays have been used to improve the risk assessment network on emerging contaminants, including hormones. Standard procedures and test organisms have been applied, e.g., Daphnia similis [39], Daphnia magna [40], and Vibrio fischeri [41]. Evaluation of the toxicity of organic compounds in aqueous matrices before and after treatment is recommended to motivate the inclusion of such compounds in current environmental legislation and highlight viable possibilities for ecological treatment and monitoring [41][42][43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Design and Bioassays as Tools to Investigate the Impact of Anodic Oxidation on Progestins Degradation

Jesus

Argolo

Tominaga

et al. 2022

Water

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The present study investigated the degradation of levonorgestrel (LNG) and gestodene (GES) through an anodic oxidation process mediated by active chlorine species. The independent variables [LNG]0 and [GES]0, current density (mA cm−2), and [NaCl]0 (mol L−1) were optimized through a response surface methodology (RSM) based on a four-level central composite design (CCD). Specific energy consumption allowed CCD-RSM analysis and optimization. The decay of progestins was followed to verify the kinetics of the anodic degradation process. Chlorine monitoring showed that excess Cl− concentration did not mean high hormones removal, as well as the excess of current density. Central point conditions ([NaCl]0 = 0.07 mol L−1, j = 32.5 mA cm−2, [LNG]0, and [GES]0 1.0 mg L−1) proved to be the best operational option. The performance with real pharmaceutical wastewater confirmed model optimization (2.2 ± 0.2 kWh g−1, with removals of 83.1 ± 0.9% and 75.1 ± 2.8% for LNG and GES, respectively). The selected condition was used for estrogenic activity and acute toxicity assays. The first allowed the identification of the initial estrogenic activity for the mixture of LNG and GES (924 E2-EQ ng L−1). Additionally, the electrochemical process could decrease this environmental parameter by 74.6%. The progestin mixture was classified as acute toxicity to Daphnia similis, with a toxicity unit (TU) of 2.5 100/EC50%. After electrolysis, the hormone solutions reached a fourfold increase in TU value, classified as high acute toxicity.

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