Is Intestinal Absorption Capacity Rate-Limiting for Performance in Poultry?

Croom, W. J.; Brake, J.; Coles, B. A.; Havenstein, G. B.; Christensen, V. L.; McBride, B. W.; Peebles, E. D.; Taylor, I. L.

doi:10.1093/japr/8.2.242

Cited by 74 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In contrast with Chunmei et al (2010), who discovered that fat digestibility in rats fed by RFFSs was significantly higher than that on of the control group fed a common diet. Structural changes in intestinal function can decrease the absorptive function and efficiency in both chickens and turkeys (Croom et al 1999). Shortening of the villi causes villus atrophy and a decrease in surface area for nutrient absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens

Rada

Lichovnikova

Šafařı́k³

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The aim of this study was to examine the effects of soybean meal replacement by multiple levels of raw full-fat soybean (REFS) in broiler diets on the growth performance, apparent ileal amino acids digestibility (AIAAD), intestinal histometric characteristic, pancreas weight and trypsin activity in digesta. In the experiment, in total 208 × ROSS 308 male chickens were used to examine the effect of RFFS on growth performance, AIAAD, intestinal morphology and trypsin activity in the intestinal content. Four dietary treatments were used: control group (without RFFS) and groups containing 4%, 8% and 12% of RFFS. The experiment lasted from 10th to 38th day of age. The presence of RFFS in broiler diets markedly decreased body weight and feed conversion ratio merely in group fed by 12% of RFFS in its diet. The AIAAD was lower when diets contained RFFS in all observed amino acids expect methionine. Higher AIAAD was obtained in RFFS12 in comparison with RFFS8 and RFFS4 due to a higher weight of pancreas and higher trypsin activity. Pancreas weight and trypsin activity increased with increasing RFFS in the diets. The morphology parameters villus height and crypt depth were negatively affected by the presence of RFFS.ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens

Rada

Lichovnikova

Šafařı́k³

2016

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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“…Qiao et al (2003) suggest that moist extruded fullfat soybeans in pigs decreased crypt depth in their duodenum and cecum (P < 0.01) in comparison with SBM, while the villus height in the mid jejunum and ileum and the total height (villus height plus crypt depth) of the ileum and mid jejunum increased (P < 0.05). Recent advances in our understanding the energetic costs of absorption suggest that biochemical as well as structural changes in the intestinal function have decreased absorptive function and efficiency in both chickens and turkeys (Croom et al, 1999). A shortening of the villus reflects villus atrophy and a decrease in surface area for nutrient absorption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers

Foltyn¹,

Rada²,

Lichovnikova³

et al. 2013

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Th e infl uence of diff erent levels of extruded full-fat soybean (EFFSB) in the diet on growth performance, apparent ileal amino acids digestibility (AIAAD), intestinal morphology, and trypsin activity in digesta of broilers was determined. In the fi rst experiment, two-hundred sixty ROSS 308 male chickens were used to investigate the eff ect of EFFSB on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and trypsin activity in the digesta and AIAAD. Five dietary treatments were used, containing 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 g/kg of EFFSB. Th e experiment lasted from day 10 till day 38 of age. Th e inclusion of EFFSB at the level of 160 g/kg in the diet signifi cantly (P < 0.05) decreased fi nal body weight (2443 g in 0 group vs. 2093 in 160 group) and worsened feed effi ciency. AIAAD was lower when diet contained more than 40 g/kg EFFSB. But at the level of 160 g/kg AIAAD increased in several amino acids (threonine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine). Trypsin activity increased with increasing EFFSB in the diets. Th ere were no signifi cant (P > 0.05) diff erences in AIAAD between groups 80, 120, and 160. Villus height (groups 0: 966.2; 4: 852.1; 8: 792.6; 12: 836.3; 16: 926.7 μm) and crypt depth (groups 0: 160.1; 4: 134.8; 8: 122.9; 12: 129.5; 16: 134.6 μm) of ileum decreased with inclusion of EFFSB in the diet, but villi/crypt ratio increased. In the second experiment, male chickens ROSS 308 were divided into 4 groups with 2 replicates per 100 chicks each. Th e groups were fed 0, 40, 80, and 120 g/kg of EFFSB. Th e experiment lasted from day 10 till day 38 of age. Final body weight (2594 g in 0 group vs. 2624 g in 120 group) was not signifi cantly (P > 0.05) aff ected by the diet. Th e study showed that EFFSB at the level of 120 g/kg in grower broiler diet had no adverse eff ect on performance.

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“…It has been stated previously that genetic selection has altered digestive tract morphology (Croom et al, 1999), with wild turkeys having longer and less dense (weight/unit volume) intestinal tracts than domestic turkeys. Similarly, digestion may be further reduced with feeds producing highly viscous digesta, with Waldenstedt et al (2000) suggesting that these feeds may increase digestive and health problems thereby decreasing the availability of nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The incorporation of whole grain into pelleted broiler chicken diets. II. Gastrointestinal and digesta characteristics

Taylor

Jones

2004

British Poultry Science

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1. Pelleted diets, incorporating whole or ground wheat or barley in the pellets, were fed to broiler chickens and the performance, gastrointestinal development and digesta characteristics of those chickens recorded. 2. Body weight was similar with whole grain incorporation or enzyme application. Food conversion efficiency was improved by addition of enzyme to a full wheat diet. 3. Whole grain inclusion in pellets reduced proventriculus proportional mass and increased gizzard proportional mass with no apparent effects of exogenous feed enzyme addition. 4. Relative ileal mass was reduced by enzyme inclusion in a wheat diet and by inclusion of whole barley in the pellets. 5. Digesta viscosity was increased by whole wheat inclusion but reduced by enzyme inclusion irrespective of grain processing. Inclusion of 200 g/kg of barley did not alter viscosity of digesta beyond the duodenum. 6. Fresh excreta pH was higher with both cereals in the grower phase when whole grain was fed. On the barley diet, this was affected by enzyme addition, which created higher pH from a point earlier in the grower phase than when no enzyme was employed. 7. Evidence of a complex interaction between higher viscosity and pH being involved in differences in ileal relative mass was found through significant relationships being produced by enzyme use on the wheat diet alone.

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Is Intestinal Absorption Capacity Rate-Limiting for Performance in Poultry?

Cited by 74 publications

References 34 publications

The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens

The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens

Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers

The incorporation of whole grain into pelleted broiler chicken diets. II. Gastrointestinal and digesta characteristics

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