Is Information on Genetic Determinants of Obesity Helpful or Harmful for Obese People?—A Randomized Clinical Trial

Rief, Winfried; Conradt, Matthias; Dierk, Jan-Michael; Rauh, Elisabeth; Schlumberger, Pia

doi:10.1007/s11606-007-0353-7

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…After receiving information about their genetic status, individuals who tested β3AR-positive were not adversely affected concerning their subjective ability to lose weight or control their eating behavior. In the preliminary analysis of this trial, Rief et al [17] concluded that the inclusion of genetic information is useful for those participants with a familial predisposition for obesity, while the subjective well-being of obese people without a familial predisposition increased if they received a consultation without genetic information. However, in those preliminary analyses, the relevance of weight-related attitudes, weight-related coping, and self-blame about eating was not analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A consultation with genetic information about obesity decreases self-blame about eating and leads to realistic weight loss goals in obese individuals

Conradt

Dierk

Schlumberger

et al. 2009

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A consultation with genetic information about obesity decreases self-blame about eating and leads to realistic weight loss goals in obese individuals

Conradt

Dierk

Schlumberger

et al. 2009

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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“…In GWAS, thousands of genes from large numbers of people are linked to different types of phenotypes in order to identify polymorphisms that influence susceptibility to several common chronic diseases [1]. Knowledge about genetic susceptibilities has the potential to transform the practice of medicine by enhancing diagnostic and treatment approaches for common chronic diseases [2]. Although the prospective advantages of GWAS are promising, there are several challenges involved in integrating findings from GWAS into clinical practice [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, many GWAS are hypothesis-generating rather than hypothesis-driven, which also raises concerns about replication and lack of validation [11]. Furthermore, results from GWAS may produce findings that indicate increased risk but cannot determine if or when the disease will manifest, as there are low penetrance gene variants [2]. As a consequence, controversy still exists over whether or not it is ethically sound to return genetic research results to individual participants [7,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preferences regarding Genetic Research Results: Comparing Veterans and Nonveterans Responses

Arar

Seo

Lee

et al. 2010

Public Health Genomics

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Objective: Communicating genetic research results to participants presents ethical challenges. Our objectives were to examine participants’ preferences in receiving future genetic research results and to compare preferences reported by veteran and nonveterans participants. Methods: Secondary analysis was performed on data collected in 2000–2004 from 1,575 consent forms signed by Mexican-American participants enrolled in 2 genetic family studies (GFS) in San Antonio: The Family Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes (FIND) and the Extended FIND (EFIND). The consent forms for these studies contained multiple-choice questions to examine participants’ preferences about receiving their (1) clinical lab results and (2) future genetic research results. The FIND and EFIND databases had information on subjects’ demographic characteristics and some selected clinical variables. We identified veterans using the Veterans Health Administration’s (VHA’s) centralized data repository. We compared veterans’ and nonveterans’ preferences using Student’s t test for continuous variables and χ² test for discrete variables. A logistic regression analyzed subjects’ preference for receiving their research results, controlling for other socio-demographic and clinical variables. Results: The sample included 275 (18%) veterans and 1,247 (82%) nonveterans. Our results indicated a strong desire among the majority of participants 1,445 (95%) in getting their clinical lab research results. Likewise, 93% expressed interest in being informed about their future genetic results. There was no significant difference in veterans’ and nonveterans’ preference to disclosure of the research results (χ² test; p > 0.05). Regression analysis showed no significant relationship (p = 0.449) between the outcome (receiving research results) and veterans’ responses after controlling for demographics and educational levels. Conclusion: Participants believed they would prefer receiving their genetic research results. Veterans are similar to nonveterans in their preferences. Offering genetic research results to participants should be based on well defined and structured plans to enhance interpretation of genetic data.

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“…Rief and colleagues [31] randomly assigned 294 obese individuals to a weight management consultation either with or without a genetic information component. They also had a no-intervention control group of 116 people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Behavioral Responses to Genetic Test Results Indicating Increased Risk of Obesity: Does the Causal Pathway from Gene to Obesity Matter?

Sanderson

Persky

Michie

2009

Public Health Genomics

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Background: Common obesity-associated genetic variants may exert their effects through increasing eating or decreasing metabolism. Such differences might influence individual responses to obesity genetic test results.Methods: This was an experimental analogue study: 191 participants were asked to imagine they had received a genetic test result indicating high eating-based (n = 37) or high metabolism-based (n = 41) risk of obesity, an enzyme test result indicating high eating-based (n = 35) or high metabolism-based (n = 41) risk of obesity, or no risk information (n = 37). Outcomes included perceived risk, self-efficacy (confidence in ability to eat healthily), response-efficacy (confidence that eating healthily will reduce risk), and intention to eat healthily. Results: The groups receiving increased obesity risk information reported greater perceived risk and intention to eat healthily than the no risk information group (both p < 0.01). There were main effects of test type on perceived risk (genetic vs. enzyme: 3.91 vs. 3.55, p = 0.031) and of causal pathway on worry (eating vs. metabolism: 3.33 vs. 2.86, p = 0.049), but no effects of either manipulation on any other outcomes. Conclusion: Personal risk information indicating increased obesity risk may increase motivation to eat healthily, regardless of whether the risk is described as genetic or non-genetic or as acting through an eating-based or metabolism-based causal pathway.

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Is Information on Genetic Determinants of Obesity Helpful or Harmful for Obese People?—A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although more and more genetic information is available, it is unclear whether this information is helpful for patients. Therefore, we assessed the positive and negative effects of informing obese people about the genetic etiology of being overweight.

Cited by 32 publications

References 22 publications

A consultation with genetic information about obesity decreases self-blame about eating and leads to realistic weight loss goals in obese individuals

A consultation with genetic information about obesity decreases self-blame about eating and leads to realistic weight loss goals in obese individuals

Preferences regarding Genetic Research Results: Comparing Veterans and Nonveterans Responses

Psychological and Behavioral Responses to Genetic Test Results Indicating Increased Risk of Obesity: Does the Causal Pathway from Gene to Obesity Matter?

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