Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Risk Factor for Early Atherosclerosis?

Dağlı, Necati; Poyrazoğlu, Orhan Kürşat; Dağlı, Adile Ferda; Şahbaz, Fatih; Karaca, Ilgın; Kobat, Mehmet Ali; Bahçecıoğlu, İbrahim Halil

doi:10.1177/0003319709333869

Cited by 76 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, inflammatory bowel disease patients are reported to be at greater risk of developing atherosclerosis (37,38) and possibly, periodontal disease (39,40). Our study concurs with these observations: in response to the invading microbes, NOD2 loss of function in mice stimulates TLR2 signaling by up-regulation of TRAF6 and JNK3, leading to the production of NF-κB and resulting in the overexpression of serum cytokines, which play an important role in alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis and atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Pivotal role of NOD2 in inflammatory processes affecting atherosclerosis and periodontal bone loss

Yuan¹,

Zelkha²,

Burkatovskaya³

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance Apolipoprotein E −/− (ApoE −/− ) mice deficient in nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) and subjected to an oral gavage of Porphyromonas gingivalis developed elevated serum inflammatory cytokines, cholesterol, alveolar bone loss, and atherosclerosis. Stimulation of NOD2 by Muramyl DiPeptide (MDP) in ApoE −/− mice reduced P. gingivalis -induced inflammatory cytokines, cholesterol, alveolar bone loss, and atherosclerosis by reducing the expression of inhibitor of NF-κB kinase-β, NF-κB, JNK mRNA, and TNF-α protein levels. A reduction in body weight gain was observed in ApoE −/− mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and injected with MDP compared to ApoE −/− mice fed a HFD but saline injected. MDP activation of NOD2 should be considered in the treatment of inflammatory processes affecting atherosclerosis, bone loss, and possibly, weight gain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Pivotal role of NOD2 in inflammatory processes affecting atherosclerosis and periodontal bone loss

Yuan¹,

Zelkha²,

Burkatovskaya³

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…From a clinical point of view, the assessment of early atherosclerosis has been made by investigating surrogate markers such as the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery (FMD) and arterial stiffness by pulse wave velocity (PWV) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. The study by Aloi et coll, reported signs of endothelial dysfunction and early atherosclerosis even in children with IBD [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased expression of markers of early atherosclerosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Cappello

Licata

Calvaruso

et al. 2017

European Journal of Internal Medicine

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Background & Aims:Recent studies documented an increased cardiovascular risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Our study aimed at investigating the prevalence of intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid arteries and the arterial stiffness indices as markers of early atherosclerosis in young IBD patients. Methods: We recruited 68 consecutive IBD patients, and 38 matched healthy controls less than 45 years old (median age 31.6 ± 8.1 years). Clinical and demographic features, cardiovascular risk factors, history of cardiovascular events, concomitant therapies were registered on a dedicate database. Carotid IMT was evaluated by using high resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Arterial stiffness was assessed by measurement of carotidfemoral Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) and Augmentation Index (AIx). Results: Total cholesterol (P b 0.013) and LDL-cholesterol (P b 0.019) levels were significantly lower in IBD patients compared to controls. Carotid IMT was higher in IBD than in controls (P b 0.047), but there was no statistically significant difference among Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients. Moreover, PWV and AIx were significantly higher in patients as compared to controls (P b 0.006 and P b 0.004 respectively). No medication seemed to affect vascular measurements, though stiffness parameters were significantly higher in patients treated with 5-ASA (11.9 (9.7) vs 18.2 (10.2), P b 0.021), suggesting a lack of efficacy of 5-ASA in protecting IBD patients from early atherogenesis. Conclusions: Young IBD patients show an increase in subclinical markers of atherosclerosis. Future studies need to address whether these markers result in an increased risk of cardiovascular events in these patient.

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“…Obesity, aging, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia have a major impact on the progression of atherosclerosis. In recent studies, there is an evolving evidence that IBD is an independent factor for development of atherosclerosis (7,8). Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurement methods were used to determine subclinical atherosclerosis in IBD (7)(8)(9) to reduced arterial elasticity and increased arterial stiffness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of increased subclinical atherosclerosis risk with carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in inflamatory bowel disease

Alkan

Karakaş²,

Yıldırım³

2015

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: A significant increase in accelerated atherosclerosis risk have determined in chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have suggested a pathophysiological link between inflamatory bowel disease (IBD) and atherosclerosis; for which carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been considered as an early marker. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of early atherosclerosis in IBD patients without clinically diagnosed cardiovascular disease and any coincident risk factors for atherosclerosis. Materials and Methods: 40 IBD patients who are in remission and without known atherosclerosis and also without any risk factors for atherosclerosis (17 Crohn's disease and 23 ulcerative colitis ) and 40 healthy subjects for control group involved in the study. The measurement of bilateral CIMT and carotis-femoral PWV have done in patients and control groups. Results: Significant differences existed between control subjects and patients with IBD in the values of PWV (5.97±0.54 vs. 7.17±0.92 m/sn; p<0.001), maximum CIMT (0.76±0.06 vs. 0.86±0.11mm; p<0.001) and mean CIMT (0.66±0.06 vs 0.74±0.09 mm; p<0.001). In the correlation analysis, a positive correlation has determined between PWV and maximum CIMT and mean CIMT ( p<0.001, r=0.75 / p<0.001, r=0.74 respectively ). Conclusion: IBD patients have an increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis than healty controls as showed by greater values of CIMT and PWV.

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Is Inflammatory Bowel Disease a Risk Factor for Early Atherosclerosis?

Abstract: Inflammatory bowel disease patients have an increased risk of early atherosclerosis as shown by greater values of cIMT, carotid artery stiffness, Hyc, hsCRP, and insulin resistance.

Cited by 76 publications

References 35 publications

Pivotal role of NOD2 in inflammatory processes affecting atherosclerosis and periodontal bone loss

Pivotal role of NOD2 in inflammatory processes affecting atherosclerosis and periodontal bone loss

Increased expression of markers of early atherosclerosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Evaluation of increased subclinical atherosclerosis risk with carotid intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity in inflamatory bowel disease

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