Is increased calcarinid (foraminifera) abundance indicating a larger role for macro-algae in Indonesian Plio-Pleistocene coral reefs?

Renema, Willem

doi:10.1007/s00338-009-0568-7

Cited by 39 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Foraminifera assemblages are known to change in composition according to depth (Hallock et al 2003) and sediment size (e.g., Daniels 2005). As it has already been determined (Renema 2010), this does not reject the possibility that inside the same functional group it is possible to find variations in species composition depending on the substrate, however, this did not affect the results. The positive trend between FI and coral cover (Fig.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of the FORAM index in a case of conservation

2011

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Localized and global impacts are responsible for driving the current decline in coral reef ecosystems. The worldwide debate over the efficacy of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) as a conservation measure for coral reefs highlights the importance of acquiring accurate indicators of reef resilience and recovery under stressful conditions. Marine benthic foraminifera, considered outstanding indicators for environmental changes, are unicellular eukaryotes that inhabit sandy sediments in coral reefs. There are three kinds of benthic foraminifera: symbiotic, opportunistic, and other small heterotrophic. Symbiosis with microalgae is not favorable under high nutrient conditions. This study compared the FORAM Index (FI) in different sites inside and outside MPAs. The index was also compared with coral and algae cover. High FI values are characteristic of healthy oligotrophic reefs whereas low values represent eutrophicated ecosystems. A community structure analysis was done in order to determine the compositional change of functional groups, and thus, to test spatially the index efficiency and performance. In general, MPA sites presented lower indexes compared to Non-MPA sites, probably due to the higher impact of tourism and agriculture in these areas. On the other hand, the index was not correlated with coral nor algae cover, even though positive and negative trends were found. Assemblage analyzes corroborated that the symbiotic foraminifers' high susceptibility is the main source for the index variation, which was independent of the substrate type from which it was sampled. Our results show both the efficiency of this index and the importance of its application for evaluating conservation strategies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of the FORAM index in a case of conservation

2011

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“…Archaias angulatus has been recorded from France during the Pliocene [3]. Calcarinids significantly increased in abundance during the early Pliocene [83], which was correlated with the stronger influence of the West Pacific Warm Pool during this time due to the collision of Australia with Asia [67], [83]. Larger foraminifera are well adapted to high sea surface temperatures and they seem to be less affected by temperature rises than corals [2], [84], which suffer from significant symbiont loss or “bleaching” [2], [4], [85], [86].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heading for New Shores: Projecting Marine Distribution Ranges of Selected Larger Foraminifera

et al. 2013

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The distribution of modern symbiont-bearing larger foraminifera is confined to tropical and subtropical shallow water marine habitats and a narrow range of environmental variables (e.g. temperature). Most of today's taxa are restricted to tropical and subtropical regions (between 30°N and 30°S) and their minimum temperature limits are governed by the 14 to 20°C isotherms. However, during times of extensive global warming (e.g., the Eocene and Miocene), larger foraminifera have been found as far north as 50°N (North America and Central Europe) as well as towards 47°S in New Zealand. During the last century, sea surface temperatures have been rising significantly. This trend is expected to continue and climate change scenarios for 2050 suggest a further increase by 1 to 3°C. We applied Species Distribution Models to assess potential distribution range changes of three taxa of larger foraminifera under current and future climate. The studied foraminifera include Archaias angulatus, Calcarina spp., and Amphistegina spp., and represent taxa with regional, superregional and global distribution patterns. Under present environmental conditions, Amphistegina spp. shows the largest potential distribution, apparently due to its temperature tolerance. Both Archaias angulatus and Calcarina spp. display potential distributions that cover currently uninhabited regions. Under climate conditions expected for the year 2050, all taxa should display latitudinal range expansions between 1 to 2.5 degrees both north- and southward. The modeled range projections suggest that some larger foraminifera may colonize biogeographic regions that so far seemed unsuitable. Archaias angulatus and Calcarina spp. also show an increase in habitat suitability within their native occurrence ranges, suggesting that their tolerance for maximum temperatures has yet not been fully exploited and that they benefit from ocean warming. Our findings suggest an increased role of larger foraminifera as carbonate producers and reef framework builders in future oceans.

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“…High water-column productivity especially from the Langhian (Middle Miocene) onwards, was made possible by more intense upwelling, more vigorous meridional ventilation of the ocean thanks to polar cooling and the narrowing of low-latitude ocean gateways, and especially by renewed intense global tectonic activity and consequent weathering of high-elevation terrains [46]. In Indonesia and mainland southeast Asia, extensive uplift and terrestrial runoff increased productivity beginning in the Late Miocene and especially in the Pliocene [47,48]. Ecosystems far from sources of land-derived nutrients remained oligotrophic despite the global intensification of ocean circulation and the high frequency of cyclones, which reduce stratification in the upper water column.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting sources of productivity in the coastal marine tropics during the Cenozoic era

Vermeij

2010

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Changes in the rates and sources of marine primary production over time are difficult to document owing to the absence of direct estimates of past productivity. Here, I use the maximum body sizes of the largest species in each of 23 tropical shallow-water marine molluscan guilds (groups of species with similar habits and trophic roles) to trace the relative importance of planktonic and benthic primary productivity from the Eocene (55 Ma) onwards. The largest members of guilds are least constrained in exploiting resources and therefore reflect the availability and accessibility of those resources most accurately. Maximum sizes of suspension-feeders and predators increased by a factor of 2.3 and 4.0, respectively, whereas those in four out of five herbivorous guilds declined. I interpret these patterns, which are discernible throughout the coastal tropics, to mean that primary production in the Eocene marine tropics was concentrated on the seafloor, as is the case today on offshore reefs and islands, and that the Miocene to the recent interval witnessed a dramatic increase in planktonic productivity along continental margins. The rise in planktonic fertility is best explained by an increase in nutrient supply from the land associated with intense global tectonic activity and more vigorous ocean mixing owing to cooling.

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Is increased calcarinid (foraminifera) abundance indicating a larger role for macro-algae in Indonesian Plio-Pleistocene coral reefs?

Cited by 39 publications

References 40 publications

Evaluation of the FORAM index in a case of conservation

Evaluation of the FORAM index in a case of conservation

Heading for New Shores: Projecting Marine Distribution Ranges of Selected Larger Foraminifera

Shifting sources of productivity in the coastal marine tropics during the Cenozoic era

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