2007
DOI: 10.1002/ana.21108
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Is hemiplegic cerebral palsy equivalent to amblyopia of the corticospinal system?

Abstract: Rather than representing "reparative plasticity," increased ipsilateral projections from the noninfarcted cortex compound disability by competitively displacing surviving contralateral corticospinal projections from the infarcted cortex. This may provide a pathophysiological explanation for why signs of hemiplegic cerebral palsy appear late and progress over the first 2 years of life.

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Cited by 237 publications
(255 citation statements)
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“…Eyre et al [2007] used TMS to study the development of the corticospinal tracts over the first 2 years of life in 39 infants with either unilateral or bilateral cerebral infarctions related to stroke, hemorrhage or hypoxia-ischemia compared to 32 healthy age-matched controls. They found that TMS stimulation initially evoked responses in the biceps muscle in infants with unilateral lesions but these responses became progressively abnormal and disappeared in seven patients.…”
Section: Plasticity In Children With Cerebral Palsymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Eyre et al [2007] used TMS to study the development of the corticospinal tracts over the first 2 years of life in 39 infants with either unilateral or bilateral cerebral infarctions related to stroke, hemorrhage or hypoxia-ischemia compared to 32 healthy age-matched controls. They found that TMS stimulation initially evoked responses in the biceps muscle in infants with unilateral lesions but these responses became progressively abnormal and disappeared in seven patients.…”
Section: Plasticity In Children With Cerebral Palsymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Babies who suffer neonatal strokes are at great risk for CP, yet surprisingly, the signs do not emerge for 1-2 years after birth (Bouza et al, 1994). Immediately after perinatal stroke, when signs are not present, TMS responses in babies that will later develop hemiplegic CP are similar to normal (Eyre et al, 2007). As these children grow older, TMS responses show an age-dependent decrease in the strength of responses evoked on the damaged side, along with a concurrent increase in the strength of bilateral responses evoked from the undamaged side.…”
Section: Implications For Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy Therapiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As these children grow older, TMS responses show an age-dependent decrease in the strength of responses evoked on the damaged side, along with a concurrent increase in the strength of bilateral responses evoked from the undamaged side. Indeed, young children with fast-conducting ipsilateral CS tract fibers have the most severe motor impairments (Eyre et al, 2007). The undamaged side appears to maintain ipsilateral projections, and these projections get stronger with age.…”
Section: Implications For Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy Therapiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The improvement in bimanual performance observed around 15 months coincides with the withdrawal of ipsilateral corticospinal projections and faster growth of axonal diameters in the contralateral projections in typically developing children (Eyre et al 2001). In children with unilateral damage to the motor cortex, displacement of contralateral projections from the damaged hemisphere with ipsilateral projections may explain why clear signs of hemiplegia only emerge at around 18 months (Eyre et al 2007). …”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%