Is Globalization Good for Workers? Definitions and Evidence from Latin America

Reinecke, Gerhard

doi:10.1017/s0147547906000147

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…According to Reinecke (2006), globalization is a complex, modern-day phenomenon distinguished by the export of cultural, social, and economic criteria. As pertains to a new world order, all criteria are applicable in sustaining the current hierarchy.…”

Section: The Globalization Of Light Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Globalization of Light Skin Colorism: From Critical Race to Critical Skin Theory

Hall

2018

American Behavioral Scientist

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On the cusp of Western civilization, Caucasians aspired to a racial world order defining Caucasian as superior race status. Today, racial diversity is a societal theme facilitated by laws, which deems racial equality a right and racial discrimination illegal. Nevertheless, by globalization, a racial world order exists by locating light skin at the zenith of humanity. As pertains to the globalization of light skin, culture and social criteria are most significant considering the demands of a racist racial hierarchy. The existence of such a hierarchy by replacing racism with colorism then necessitates moving beyond race category. Critical race theory (CRT) per light skin as new world order must defer to critical skin theory (CST). Colorism per CST operates identical in manner to racism per CRT. CST must then be elevated to priority over CRT such that the future of humanity may be rescued from the tenacious transgressions of a racist societal past.

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Section: The Globalization Of Light Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Globalization of Light Skin Colorism: From Critical Race to Critical Skin Theory

Hall

2018

American Behavioral Scientist

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“…The unionization rate and coverage of collective bargaining are low in comparison with other Latin American countries (Reinecke, 2006). Initial increases during the first years after return to democracy in 1990 have been reversed.…”

Section: Institutional Factors Behind Retail Structures and Enterprismentioning

confidence: 91%

Upgrading or Decline? Globalization, Retail Structure, and Labour in the Chilean Textile and Clothing Industry

Reinecke

2010

Competition & Change

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Trade liberalization has plunged the textile and clothing industry in many countries -both in the developed and developing world -into a crisis with important employment losses. Important differences across countries exist regarding the extent of decline, the productivity performance, and the working conditions for the remaining workers in this industry. Based on elements of global commodity chain analysis and the varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach, these different patterns have been explained for developed countries, placing particular emphasis on the scope and effective implementation of industry-wide minimum wages and labour regulations, as well as on retail concentration.In this article, we apply the above framework to Chile, where the process of downsizing of the industry has followed the least virtuous pattern, with meagre productivity results and precarization of remaining employment. Part of the remaining textile and clothing employment has moved to the informal economy and sweatshop-type enterprises. This outcome is explained by the high degree of retail concentration in Chile, the virtual absence of sectoral collective bargaining and the partial coverage of labour inspection among micro and small enterprises.

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“…Finally, the International Labor Organization continues to be a prominent advocate for workers’ rights and a source of protective standards to cover laborers, including policies protecting collective bargaining, standards against forced and child labor, equal opportunity statutes, and governance of wages, working time, and occupational health and safety (International Labor Office 2009; Reinecke 2006). Though these policies are often intended to remedy labor issues in the developing world, they also apply to developed countries that have ratified them, even if the lack of formal avenues for punishment often leads to decoupling between stated policy and its implementation (Garcia 2008; Sengenberger 2004).…”

Section: The Polanyian Synthesis: the Fictitious Commodity Of Labor mentioning

confidence: 99%

Work and Neoliberal Globalization: A Polanyian Synthesis

2011

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This article reviews sociological research about economic globalization’s impact on work and labor in developed and developing countries since the 1980s. We find that this period of neoliberal globalization influences work because of intensified activities of multinational corporations (MNCs), financialization of the global economy, and amplified prominence of international organizations, some of which diffuse neoliberal policy scripts while others mobilize a transnational civil society. Research we review generally points to liabilities of neoliberal globalization for workers. To understand these findings, we apply Karl Polanyi’s concepts of fictitious commodities, the self‐regulating market, and the double movement. We propose that, on the one hand, the activities of MNCs, international financial organizations, and many states exemplify pushes for institutional separation of economy and society in effort to institutionalize the idea of a self‐regulating market at a global scale, which increases labor commodification and global inequalities. On the other hand, the activities of social movements, including unions and transnational actors that target globalization’s impact on work, constitute the counter movement at national and global levels resisting marketization and pushing for labor decommodification. The aftermath of the ongoing economic crisis will tell to what extent this countermovement will be successful in generating an alternative to neoliberal globalization, and more protections for workers.

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Is Globalization Good for Workers? Definitions and Evidence from Latin America

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

The Globalization of Light Skin Colorism: From Critical Race to Critical Skin Theory

The Globalization of Light Skin Colorism: From Critical Race to Critical Skin Theory

Upgrading or Decline? Globalization, Retail Structure, and Labour in the Chilean Textile and Clothing Industry

Work and Neoliberal Globalization: A Polanyian Synthesis

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