Is genetic diversity of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> suggestive of malaria endemic zone in West Africa? An attempt to respond by a cross-sectional comparative study between Senegal and Nigeria

Oboh, Mary M.; Ndiaye, Tolla; Diongue, Khadim; Ndiaye, Yaye Dié; Sy, Mouhamad; Déme, Awa B.; Volkman, Sarah K.; Badiane, Aïda Sadikh; Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred; Ndiaye, Daouda

doi:10.1101/2020.08.27.20183178

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Given that P. falciparum in vitro adaptation could also be influenced by the number of parasite clones present in a given isolate, our genotyping analysis revealed that all P. falciparum clinical isolates used in this study presented multiple parasite clones, with an overall MOI of 4.4, which is slightly higher than previously reported in data from Burkina Faso 20 , Ghana , Republic of Congo 22 , Nigeria and Senegal . However, the predominance of K1 and 3D7 allelic families of msp1 and msp2 reported here is in agreement with previous reports from Burkina Faso 20,24 , Ethiopia 25 , Ghana 26 , Nigeria and Senegal 23 , but contrary to studies from Uganda and Sudan which reported the predominance of RO33 and FC27, respectively for the two genes 25,27 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Short-Term Cryopreservation and Thawing have Minimal Effects on Plasmodium Falciparum Ex Vivo Invasion Profile

Thiam¹,

Ansah²,

Niang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Ex vivo phenotyping of P. falciparum erythrocyte invasion diversity is important in the identification and down selection of potential malaria vaccine targets. However, due to the lack of appropriate laboratory facilities in remote areas of endemic countries, direct processing of P. falciparum clinical isolates is usually not feasible. Here, we investigated the combined effect of short-term cryopreservation and thawing processes on the ex vivo invasion phenotypes of P. falciparum isolates. Ex-vivo or in vitro invasion phenotyping assays were performed with P. falciparum clinical isolates prior to or following culture adaptation, respectively. All isolates were genotyped at Day 0 for parasite clonality. Subsequently, isolates that were successfully culture-adapted were genotyped again at Days 7, 15, 21, and 28-post adaptation. Invasion phenotyping assays were performed in isogenic isolates revived at different time points (3, 6, and 12 months) post-cryopreservation and the resulting data were compared to that from ex-vivo invasion data of matched isogenic parental isolates. Our findings indicate that natural P. falciparum infections mostly occur as polyclonal infections. We also show that short-term culture adaptation selects for parasite clonality and could be a driving force for variation in invasion phenotypes as compared to ex vivo data where almost all parasite clones of a given isolate are present. Interestingly, our data show little variation in the parasites’ invasion phenotype following short-term cryopreservation. Altogether, our data suggest that short-term cryopreservation of uncultured P. falciparum clinical isolates is a reliable mechanism for storing parasites for future use.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Short-Term Cryopreservation and Thawing have Minimal Effects on Plasmodium Falciparum Ex Vivo Invasion Profile

Thiam¹,

Ansah²,

Niang³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Our fndings suggest that K1 and 3D7 parasite strains are the common genotypes circulating in the study region. A similar observation was recorded in another area of the country (for the msp2 gene) [18], Nigeria and Senegal [38,39].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Proteins Polymorphisms and Treatment Outcomes among Patients with Uncomplicated Malaria in Mwanza, Tanzania

Marwa

Lyimo

Konje

et al. 2022

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background. The severity of malaria infection depends on the host, parasite and environmental factors. Merozoite surface protein (msp) diversity determines transmission dynamics, P. falciparum immunity evasion, and pathogenesis or virulence. There is limited updated information on P. falciparum msp polymorphisms and their impact on artemether-lumefantrine treatment outcomes in Tanzania. Therefore, this study is aimed at examining msp genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection (MOI) among P. falciparum malaria patients. The influence of MOI on peripheral parasite clearance and adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was also assessed. Methods. Parasite DNA was extracted from dried blood spots according to the manufacture’s protocol. Primary and nested PCR were performed. The PCR products for both the block 2 region of msp1 and the block 3 regions of msp2 genes and their specific allelic families were visualized on a 2.5% agarose gel. Results. The majority of the isolates, 58/102 (58.8%) for msp1 and 69/115 (60.1%) for msp2, harboured more than one parasite genotypes. For the msp1 gene, K1 was the predominant allele observed (75.64%), whereas RO33 occurred at the lowest frequency (43.6%). For the msp2 gene, the 3D7 allele was observed at a higher frequency (81.7%) than the FC27 allele (76.9%). The MOIs were 2.44 for msp1 and 2.27 for msp2 ( p = 0.669 ). A significant correlation between age and multiplicity of infection (MOI) for msp1 or MOI for msp2 was not established in this study (rho = 0.074, p = 0.521 and rho = −0.129, p = 0.261 , respectively). Similarly, there was no positive correlation between parasite density at day 1 and MOI for both msp1 (rho = 0.113, p = 0.244 ) and msp2 (rho = 0.043, p = 0.712 ). The association between MOI and ACPR was not observed for either msp1 or mps2 ( p = 0.776 and 0.296, respectively). Conclusions. This study reports high polyclonal infections, MOI and allelic frequencies for both msp1 and msp2. There was a lack of correlation between MOI and ACPR. However, a borderline significant correlation was observed between day 2 parasitaemia and MOI.

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Is genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum suggestive of malaria endemic zone in West Africa? An attempt to respond by a cross-sectional comparative study between Senegal and Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 33 publications

Short-Term Cryopreservation and Thawing have Minimal Effects on Plasmodium Falciparum Ex Vivo Invasion Profile

Short-Term Cryopreservation and Thawing have Minimal Effects on Plasmodium Falciparum Ex Vivo Invasion Profile

Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Proteins Polymorphisms and Treatment Outcomes among Patients with Uncomplicated Malaria in Mwanza, Tanzania

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