Is Full-autonomy the Way to Go Towards Maximizing the Ocean Potentials?

Zghyer, Rami; Ostnes, Runar; Halse, Karl Henning

doi:10.12716/1001.13.01.02

“…While the protection of marine areas is considered a fundamental part of mitigating climate change, on a practical level, its success is overshadowed by the current expansion of offshore drilling for oil and gas [15]. The prospects for growth in the OE are promising because ocean industries address issues such as food security, energy security, and climate change [139]. On the other hand, there are discrepancies regarding the legitimacy of the different sectors that make up the BE, specifically the industries with high carbon intensity and the emerging seabed mining industry [132].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of the Blue Economy: evidence and research trends

Martínez-Vázquez

¹

,

Milán-García

²

,

Valenciano

³

2021

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Background The Blue Economy is a recent field of study that encompasses economic activities that depend on the sea, often associated with other economic sectors, including tourism, maritime transport, energy and fishing. Blue growth supports the sustainable growth of the maritime and marine sectors as the oceans and seas are engines of the global economy and have great potential for growth and innovation. This article undertakes a bibliometric analysis in the terms of Blue Economy (BE), Maritime Economy (MAE), Ocean Economy (OE), Marine Economy (ME), and Blue Growth (BG) to analyze the scientific production of this field of study. Analysis of the authors’ definitions of BE, BG, ME and OE provides interesting relationships divided into sustainability and governance; economics and ecosystem protection; industrial development and localization; and the growth of the ocean economy, with development as the central axis that encompasses them. The main contribution is to find out if there is a link between the BE and the CE through the keyword study. Results The results show a significant increase in articles and citations over the last decade. The articles address the importance of different sectors of BE and the interest of governments in promoting it for the development of their national economies. Using bibliometric mapping tools (VOSviewer), it is possible to find possible links between concepts such as CE and BE through the BG and to visualize trending topics for future research. Nascent and future research trends include terms such as small-scale fisheries, aquatic species, biofuel, growth of the coastal BE, internationalization and blue degrowth (BD), the latter approaches aspects of BG from a critical perspective. Conclusions In conclusion, it highlights the need for alliances between the sectors that compose BG with the incorporation of the CE in order to achieve a sustainable BE in both developed and developing countries. Through the keyword analysis it is shown that the BG strategy is the bridge between the BE and the CE. The CE presents itself as a promising alternative that could mitigate tensions between stakeholders who support both growth and degrowth positions.

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“…While the protection of marine areas is considered a fundamental part of mitigating climate change, on a practical level, its success is overshadowed by the current expansion of offshore drilling for oil and gas (Brent et al, 2020). The prospects for growth in the ocean economy are promising because ocean industries address issues such as food security, energy security, and climate change (Zghyer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of the Blue Economy: Evidence and Research Trends  

Martínez-Vázquez

¹

,

Milán-García

²

,

Valenciano

³

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThe Blue Economy is a recent field of study that encompasses economic activities that depend on the sea, often associated with other economic sectors, including tourism, maritime transport, energy and fishing. Blue growth supports the sustainable growth of the maritime and marine sectors as the oceans and seas are engines of the global economy and have great potential for growth and innovation. This article undertakes a bibliometric analysis in the terms of blue economy, maritime economy, ocean economy, marine economy, and Blue Growth to analysis the scientific production of this field of study. The main objective is to find out if there is a link between the blue economy and the circular economy.ResultsThe results show an evolving and growing trend during the last decade regarding the number of published articles and citations. Nascent and future research trends include terms such as small-scale fisheries, blue degrowth, aquatic species, biofuel, growth of the coastal blue economy, and internationalization. New researchers, experts, public institutions, and private companies who wish to understand the roots of the Blue Economy and its evolution over time may find this article useful to design and develop strategies that lead to its efficient management, preservation, and sustainability.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it highlights the need for alliances between the sectors that compose blue growth with the incorporation of the circular economy in order to achieve a sustainable blue economy.

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“…Nonetheless, experts agree that it eventually will (Kooij et al 2019). This pursuit is driven by various factors, including cost reduction (Zghyer et al 2019;Jo and Enrico 2020). Since labor costs on board can account for up to 36% of all costs (Kretschmann et al 2017), the idea of autonomous (or unmanned) ships is tempting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of autonomous shipping for maritime education and training: the cadet’s perspective

Bogusławski

¹

,

Gil

²

,

Nasur

³

et al. 2022

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The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has not left the transportation sector behind. All modes of transportation have, to some extent, already been affected, and maritime is the last to join them. Currently available technology makes autonomous merchant ships a possible alternative to conventional, manned vessels with seafarers. This upcoming shift requires the preparation of necessary policies, such as rethinking obsolete training curricula, in relation to a variety of aspects of the industry, including the future of seafaring as a profession. To formulate such policies, the views of professional seafarers and scholars are sometimes solicited, but the opinions of industry entrants are often neglected. However, the latter may also have some interesting views on the future of their profession, which may be relevant to policy-makers. The results of a worldwide survey, conducted using the Computer-Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI) method, suggest that the future generation of seafarers fears automation less than their mentors. Although they expect their skills to be useful in automation-driven shipping, they also feel that their Maritime Education and Training institutions (MET) are not doing enough to prepare them for the challenges that the future may hold. This may be due to a lack or poor coverage of shipping autonomization issues in MET curricula, which was mentioned by as many as 41.9% of the respondents. This finding advocates for rethinking the curricula of METs and human resources management in the shipping industry of the future.

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Is Full-autonomy the Way to Go Towards Maximizing the Ocean Potentials?

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Challenges of the Blue Economy: evidence and research trends

Challenges of the Blue Economy: evidence and research trends

Challenges of the Blue Economy: Evidence and Research Trends

Implications of autonomous shipping for maritime education and training: the cadet’s perspective

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Is Full-autonomy the Way to Go Towards Maximizing the Ocean Potentials?

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Challenges of the Blue Economy: evidence and research trends

Challenges of the Blue Economy: evidence and research trends

Challenges of the Blue Economy: Evidence and Research Trends&nbsp;&nbsp;

Implications of autonomous shipping for maritime education and training: the cadet’s perspective

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Challenges of the Blue Economy: Evidence and Research Trends