Is Fe deficiency rather than P deficiency the cause of cluster root formation in Casuarina species?

Zaid, El Houssine; Arahou, Moustapha; Diem, Hoang Gia; Morabet, Rachida El

doi:10.1023/a:1022320227637

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…CRs typically have a morphology with densely positioned lateral rootlets but the CR morphology varies greatly among the CRforming plant species that belong to the family Proteaceae, the legume genus Lupinus and some of the actinorhizal plants (Lambers et al 2006;Skene 1998). The actinorhizal plant seabuckthorn in this study was found to have a CR morphology most similar to what has been described for the actinorhizal plant Casuarina sp in the family Casuarinaceae (Zaïd et al 2003a) and also to the legume Lupinus albus (Johnson et al 1996;Skene 2001). From a taxonomic perspective this is coherent since legumes and all actinorhizal plants are placed in the Eurosid I clade while Proteaceae is more distantly related among eudicots of angiosperm plants (The Angiosperm Phylogeny 2003).…”

Section: Seabuckthorn Forms Cluster Rootssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…CRs were shown to be formed under P deficiency by the shrubs Myrica gale (Crocker and Schwintzer 1993) and Morella (formerly Myrica) cerifera (Louis et al 1990) in Myricaceae and by several Alnus sp in Betulaceae (Hurd and Schwintzer 1996). CR formation by the tree Casuarina spp in Casuarinaceae was demonstrated under both P and Fe deficiency (Diem et al 2000;Reddell et al 1997;Zaïd et al 2003a). Although the occurrence of cluster roots on seabuckthorn was cited as an unpublished observation in a review (Skene 1998) as the representative of Eleagnaceae, there has to our knowledge not been any experimental study presented on CR formation by seabuckthorn.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root morphology and cluster root formation by seabuckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and iron deficiency

2015

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Background and aims The aims were to investigate effects of availability of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) on root properties of seabuckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides) and to test the hypothesis that seabuckthorn is able to form cluster roots (CRs). Methods Two sources of seabuckthorn were used: the seabuckthorn cultivar BHi10726 originating from a breeding programme based on H.r. ssp mongolica and carried out in rich agricultural field soil in the black earth (chernozem) region of Russia and the seabuckthorn accession named Pk originating in a natural population of H.r. ssp turkestanica in the mountainous region of northern Pakistan. Three cultivation systems giving different water availabilities were used at two levels each of N, P and Fe. Root morphology of seedlings and clones was characterized and metabolite content in extracts of young and old CRs of Pk was analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results Availability of N affected growth and distribution of biomass between shoot and root, while P and Fe deficiency modified root system architecture towards more lateral roots. Densely positioned rootlets with a determinate type of growth consistent with the definition of CR were observed under low P and low Fe. Pk formed on average 12 CRs per plant, which was 3 to 4fold higher compared to BHi10726 also when normalized per root length. Malate and glycine were most abundant of the organic acids and amino acids, respectively, and decreased in old CRs. Conclusions Seabuckthorn has the ability to form cluster roots especially in Pk and under deficiency of P and Fe. The two sources of seabuckthorn with different histories showed distinctly different root system architectures. The high contents of malate and glycine and their decrease in old CRs may reflect roles in CR metabolism.

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Section: Seabuckthorn Forms Cluster Rootssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root morphology and cluster root formation by seabuckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and iron deficiency

2015

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“…Although some cluster rooted species, such as lupins, can also form nitrogen-fixing symbiosis, they tend to be non-or very weakly mycorrhizal (but see Boulet and Lambers 2005). Thus, cluster roots represent an alternative mechanism to capture soil P, although Fe uptake may also be important (Zaïd et al 2003). Originally thought to be confined to the Proteaceae, these roots were previously termed 'proteoid' (Purnell 1960), however, root clusters have now been shown to develop on a range of different plant species belonging to a number of different families including Betulaceae, Fabaceae (notably lupins), Casuarinaceae, Myricaceae, Mimosaceae, Eleagnaceae and Moreacea (Skene 1998), thus, the more inclusive 'cluster roots' is now used.…”

Section: Specialised Root Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant root growth, architecture and function

Hodge¹,

Berta²,

Doussan³

et al. 2009

Plant Soil

608

400

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Without roots there would be no rhizosphere and no rhizodeposition to fuel microbial activity. Although micro-organisms may view roots merely as a source of carbon supply this belies the fascinating complexity and diversity of root systems that occurs despite their common function. Here, we examine the physiological and genetic determinants of root growth and the complex, yet varied and flexible, root architecture that results. The main functions of root systems are also explored including how roots cope with nutrient acquisition from the heterogeneous soil environment and their ability to form mutualistic associations with key soil microorganisms (such as nitrogen fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi) to aid them in their quest for nutrients. Finally, some key biotic and abiotic constraints on root development and function in the soil environment are examined and some of the adaptations roots have evolved to counter such stresses discussed.Keywords Root systems . Auxin . Root architecture . Soil heterogeneity . Abiotic and biotic stresses . Soil micro-organisms (including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi)Physiological and genetic determinants of root growth and achitecture A major difference between plant and animal development is that positional information rather than cell lineage determines cell fate in plants (Singh and Bhalla 2006). Post-embryonically, plant development is essentially driven by stem cells localized in apical regions of shoots and roots, and referred to as apical meristems. This particular characteristic allows plants, Plant Soil (

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“…One of the main factors that favours the formation of cluster roots is a low supply of P (Skene et al 1996;Gilbert et al 2000;Shane et al 2004a;Shane and Lambers 2005) or iron (Zaid et al 2003). The factors that induce the development of CR in Chilean Proteaceae have been poorly studied, however some authors proposed interaction with microorganisms within the rhizosphere (Grinbergs et al 1987;Ramirez et al 1990Ramirez et al , 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of phosphorus on growth and cluster-root formation in the Chilean Proteaceae: Embothrium coccineum (R. et J. Forst.)

2010

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One of the main factors that favours the formation of cluster roots is a low supply of phosphorus (P). The soils of southern Chile are mainly formed from volcanic ash, characterized by low levels of available P. Embothrium coccineum, a Chilean Proteaceae species produces cluster roots (CR). The factors that control CR formation in Chilean Proteaceae have not been extensively studied. The objective of this work was to assess the effects of P on the growth and cluster-root formation of E. coccineum. Plants were produced from seeds collected at two different locations: Valdivia and Pichicolo both at 39ºS. They were cultured under similar greenhouse conditions, from June to September, watered twice a week using: distilled water (W), full strength Hoagland's nutrient solution (H) or Hoagland without P (H-P). At the end of the experiment, height, total dry biomass, number of cluster roots (CR) per plant, CR /total root weight, were measured. Also acid exudation of CR was assayed using bromocresol purple on sterile agar plates. Treatments significantly affected growth and proportion of CR, the highest growth was observed with H. Under all treatments plants produced a similar number of CR. However, the proportion of CR biomass was higher with W and H-P than with H. Plants under W exhibited the lowest growth and low shoot/root ratio. Acid exudation of CR was not detectable in our experiment. These results are discussed comparing CR formation in low P conditions on Lupinus albus and other Proteaceae species, and the possible role of CR formation in E. coccineum considering its wide geographical distribution.

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Is Fe deficiency rather than P deficiency the cause of cluster root formation in Casuarina species?

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Root morphology and cluster root formation by seabuckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and iron deficiency

Root morphology and cluster root formation by seabuckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) in response to nitrogen, phosphorus and iron deficiency

Plant root growth, architecture and function

The effect of phosphorus on growth and cluster-root formation in the Chilean Proteaceae: Embothrium coccineum (R. et J. Forst.)

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