Is eye lens dosimetry needed in nuclear medicine?

Wrzesień, Małgorzata; Królicki, Leszek; Albiniak, Łukasz; Olszewski, Jurek

doi:10.1088/1361-6498/aabef5

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Figure 2 shows the mean Hp(3)/A (with standard deviation) values recorded by TL detectors placed above the left and right lens of the eye during procedures using the four different radionuclides. Figure 2 shows that even if differences between the Hp(3)/A values for the left and right eye lens exist, they become apparent only during a detailed statistical analysis involving a comparison of Hp(3) dose distributions, taking into account the employment structure in a given nuclear medicine facilities and procedures performed [13][14][15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The annual Hp(3) was estimated assuming the worst-case scenario: 260 days of work during the year and that all procedures involving the radionuclide are performed by one employee [14,15]. Figure 4 presents the maximum estimated annual Hp(3) of personnel of nuclear medicine departments and facilities producing radiopharmaceuticals for use in PET, taking into account the current dose limit for the lens of the eye of 150 mSv per year and the new one at 20 mSv/year.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Need for Eye Lens Dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine

Wrzesień¹,

Albiniak²,

Królicki³

et al. 2020

RAP 2019 Conference Proceedings

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Background: Changing the individual dose limit for the lens of the eye from a value of 150 mSv per year to a level of 20 mSv (averaged over defined periods of five years or 50 mSv in a single year) means that issues related to routine eye lens dosimetry become interesting from the point of view of radiation protection. This could mean that the dosimeter designed to measure the doses at the level of the eye lens may become the next dosimeter routinely worn by nuclear medicine workers occupationally exposed to ionising radiation. The dosimeters currently used in nuclear medicine are the personal dosimeter and the ring dosimeter. Will this also be the case for nuclear medicine employees? In this interdisciplinary branch of medicine, the factors that cause the highest risk of radiation exposure of personnel are the process of manual handling, i.e. the process of preparing a radiopharmaceutical called labelling. Most of the radiopharmaceuticals used in nuclear medicine are labelled manually. In Poland, the exception from this rule is when radiopharmaceuticals are produced for the needs of positron emission tomography (PET), which are labelled using automatic processes. Manual procedures also include the process of radiopharmaceutical injection to the patients. The aim of the work was to assess the exposure of eye lenses of workers in nuclear medicine, as well as of the personnel in centers that produce radiopharmaceuticals for PET diagnostics, from the viewpoint of advisability of routine eye lens exposure monitoring, taking into account changes in the dose limit for the lens of the eye. Methods: The results of own measurements of the personal dose equivalent Hp(3), carried out in five nuclear medicine departments in Poland, as well as in two centers producing radiopharmaceuticals for PET, were subject to analysis. The analysis includes two most frequently used radionuclides for diagnostic purposes, namely 99m Tc, 18 F and the less frequently used 68 Ga, in addition to 131 I, which is used for therapeutic purposes. Dosimetric measurements were made using thermoluminescent detectors of domestic manufacture. Results & Conclusions: Estimated analysis of the annual exposure makes it possible to indicate cases where the maximum annual value of personal dose equivalent, in terms of Hp(3), exceeds threefold the new limit value specified at 20 mSv/year.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Need for Eye Lens Dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine

Wrzesień¹,

Albiniak²,

Królicki³

et al. 2020

RAP 2019 Conference Proceedings

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“…[10][11][12] However, the nuclear medicine environment comprises mixed radiation fields derived from multiple sources and various amounts of energy emitted due to administering patients with radionuclide tracers. 13 The dose equivalent according to depth H p (d) is energy dependent. For instance, exposure to low-energy photons is lower at H p (10) than that at H p (0.07) because the maximum peak point is shallow.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,15 Monitoring eye lens exposure in nuclear medicine has suggested assessment at H p (3). 13 The Optimization of Radiation Protection of Medical Staff (ORAMED) project in Europe, which perform the international response to the revised ICRP recommendations, led to the development and validation of wearable dosimeters for the eye lens to appropriately measure values close to the eyes at H p (3). 16 In 17 of 20 dosimeters, 90% of responses complied with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 14146 standard requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of a reliable assessment for occupational eye lens dose in nuclear medicine

Miyaji

Miwa

Iimori

et al. 2022

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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The most recent statement published by the International Commission on Radiological Protection describes a reduction in the maximum allowable occupational eye lens dose from 150 to 20 mSv/year (averaged over 5-year periods). Exposing the eye lens to radiation is a concern for nuclear medicine staff who handle radionuclide tracers with various levels of photon energy. This study aimed to define the optimal dosimeter and means of measuring the amount of exposure to which the eye lens is exposed during a routine nuclear medicine practice. A RANDO human phantom attached to Glass Badge and Luminess Badge for body or neck, DOSIRIS and VISION for eyes, and nanoDot for body, neck, and eyes was exposed to 99m Tc, 123 I, and 18 F radionuclides. Sealed syringe sources of each radionuclide were positioned 30 cm from the abdomen of the phantom. Estimated exposure based on measurement conditions (i.e., air kerma rate constants, conversion coefficient, distance, activity, and exposure time) was compared measured dose equivalent of each dosimeter. Differences in body, neck, and eye lens dosimeters were statistically analyzed. The 10-mm dose equivalent significantly differed between the Glass Badge and Luminess Badge for the neck, but these were almost equivalent at the body. The 0.07-mm dose equivalent for the nanoDot dosimeters was greatly overestimated compared to the estimated exposure of 99m Tc and 123 I radionuclides. Measured dose equivalents of exposure significantly differed between the body and eye lens dosimeters with respect to 18 F. Although accurately measuring radiation exposure to the eye lenses of nuclear medicine staff is conventionally monitored using dosimeters worn on the chest or abdomen, eye lens dosimeters that provide a 3-mm dose equivalent near the eye would be a more reliable means of assessing radiation doses in the mixed radiation environment of nuclear medicine.

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“…Research "The Exposure of The Eye Lens Personnel in Nuclear Medicine Department", Research "Personnel in the Facilities that Produce Radiopharmaceuticals for The Purpose of Diagnosis by Positron Emission Tomography" and Research "Is Eye Lens Dosimetry Needed in Nuclear Medicine?" as well as Research "In the Procedure of Dispensing the Doses of 68 Ga-DOTA-TATE for Patients", carried out by [11,12]. Research "Should Personnel of Nuclear Medicine Departments Use Personal Dosimeters for Eye Lens Dose Monitoring?"…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation for Eye Lens Dose Assessment at CSTRM-NNEA

et al. 2020

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Because of the negative impact of radiation on the eye lens and the changes recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 103 (2007) from 150 to 20 mSv (2 rem, the Regulation of BAPETEN Head No. 4 (2013) article 56 give the instruction that Monitoring of eye lens dose should be implemented starting from March 13, 2016, more intensive around the eye lens. To prepare eye lens dose assessment, The Center for Safety Technology and Radiation Metrology (CSTRM) - NNEA study the response of TLD-700H against the X-ray: N (80), N (100) and N (120) energies (usually used in the interventional radiology). Goals and objectives of this study were to obtain the response/calibrated TLD-700H which is traceable to the international system (SI) and TLD-700H can be used for an eye lens dose assessment in Indonesia. Twenty-one TLDs were irradiated with seven dosage variations (0.1; 0.5; 1; 5; 10; 15; 20) mSv at the Secondary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (SSDL) - Jakarta. After being stored for 24 hours, the TLD were read by using TLD-Reader. The Dosimeter Response, R against doses of X-ray were: R(N80) = 34.595x + 0.1262; R² = 0.9986; R(N100) = 24.484x + 1.1357; R² = 0.9993; and R(N120) = 27.908x - 5.1065; R² = 0.9971. R: correlation coefficient, x: doses; These calibration responses can be used for eye lens dose assessment in Indonesia.

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Is eye lens dosimetry needed in nuclear medicine?

Abstract: It is recommended that Hp(3) doses be routinely monitored in the group of radiopharmacists who label pharmaceuticals with the radionuclide Tc and in chemists working inF-FDG quality control departments in production units, where this is carried out manually.

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

A Need for Eye Lens Dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine

A Need for Eye Lens Dosimetry in Nuclear Medicine

Determination of a reliable assessment for occupational eye lens dose in nuclear medicine

Preparation for Eye Lens Dose Assessment at CSTRM-NNEA

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