Is dietary erucic acid hepatotoxic in pregnancy? an experimental study in rats and hamsters

Reyes, Humberto; Ribalta, J; Hernández, Ismael; Arrese, Marco; Pak, Nelly; Wells, Michael A.; Kirsch, Ralph E.

doi:10.1002/hep.1840210522

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…49), but not pregnant rats (Ref. 50). Earlier studies performed in humans have also shown a reduced clearance of bromosulphthalein (Ref.…”

Section: Effect Of Pregnancy On Bile Secretory Functionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The observed geographical and seasonal variations of ICP suggest the involvement of environmental factors in the occurrence of ICP in genetically susceptible individuals (Refs 1, 2, 123). Although several factors have been investigated, including the long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid erucic acid and selenium, there is no definitive evidence that they play a pathogenetic role in ICP (Refs 50, 124). A recent report suggests that a ‘leaky gut’ may be present in ICP patients, which would enhance the absorption of bacterial endotoxin and potentially other xenobiotics present in the diet (Ref.…”

Section: Pathogenetic Factors In Icp: Sex Hormones Genes and Environmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Arrese

Macı́as

Briz

et al. 2008

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) occurs mainly in the third trimester and is characterised by pruritus and elevated serum bile acid levels. ICP is associated with an increased perinatal risk and higher rates of foetal morbidity and mortality. Although the pathogenesis of this disease is unknown, a genetic hypersensitivity to female hormones (oestrogen and/or progesterone) or their metabolites is thought to impair bile secretory function. Recent data suggest that mutations or polymorphisms of genes expressing hepatobiliary transport proteins or their nuclear regulators may contribute to the development and/or severity of ICP. Unidentified environmental factors may also influence pathogenesis of the disease. This review summarises current knowledge on the potential mechanisms involved in ICP at the molecular level.

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“…49), but not pregnant rats (Ref. 50). Earlier studies performed in humans have also shown a reduced clearance of bromosulphthalein (Ref.…”

Section: Effect Of Pregnancy On Bile Secretory Functionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Pathogenetic Factors In Icp: Sex Hormones Genes and Environmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Arrese

Macı́as

Briz

et al. 2008

Expert Rev. Mol. Med.

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“…An experimental study did not detect hepatic morphological or functional abnormalities in non-pregnant and pregnant rats and hamsters fed rapeseed oil with a high erucic acid content. 33 We still have to consider the possibility that metabolic responses to this dietary oil could be different in man than in rodents.…”

Section: What Causes Cholestasis In Some Pregnant Women?mentioning

confidence: 99%

REVIEW: Intrahepatic cholestasis. A puzzling disorder of pregnancy

Reyes

1997

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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144

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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is characterized by skin pruritus and a biochemical cholestasis of mild to moderate severity appearing during pregnancy (mainly in the third trimester) and disappearing after delivery. It recurs in 40-60% of future pregnancies. The intensity of pruritus and the laboratory alterations (increased serum bile salts and transaminases in almost all patients, hyperbilirubinaemia in 20% of patients) fluctuate during one pregnancy and also vary in subsequent affected pregnancies. This disease has no meaningful consequences for the mother; in contrast, it is associated with an increased risk of foetal distress, causing premature deliveries and stillbirths. Cholestasis of pregnancy has been recognized in most countries and ethnic groups but its prevalence is higher in Chile (14% of deliveries in 1975 and approximately 4% in 1995) and in Sweden than in other countries. The cause in unknown. Sex hormones, mainly oestrogens and progesterone, appear to be involved in its pathogenesis. An interplay between a genetic metabolic predisposition and some environmental factor(s) is apparently relevant. Clinical and experimental studies suggest that a marginal selenium deficiency could be a dietary pathogenic factor. Some drugs attenuate pruritus and improve maternal cholestasis, but not the foetal prognosis. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) administration provides a significant improvement in maternal pruritus and in the biochemical abnormalities, with no adverse effects in the mother or child. Recent clinical and experimental studies show that UDCA administration improves maternal disease and foetal prognosis without any detectable adverse effects.

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“…Moreover, selenium deficiency 9 or excess of long‐chain monounsaturated fatty and erucic acid 10 was postulated as playing a role in ICP. A recent report further included the possibility of a ‘leaky gut’ as an additional environmental factor that may participate in the pathogenesis of ICP by enhancing the absorption of bacterial endotoxin and the enterohepatic circulation of cholestatic metabolites of sex hormones and bile salts 11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%