Is degradation of dyes even possible without using photocatalysts? – a detailed comparative study

Sen, Subhadeep; Das, Chanchal; Ghosh, Narendra Nath; Baildya, Nabajyoti; Bhattacharya, Sumantra; Khan, Moonis Ali; Biswas, Goutam

doi:10.1039/d2ra05779d

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…So, the test for total organic carbon was used to analysis the percentage of mineralization of dyes. TOC test was performed using Tekmar Dohrmann Apollo 9000 analyzer for 5 h. Results (Figure 9) found that the TOC percentage for DY 12, CR, and MG dyes were 35%, 39%, and 41%, respectively 24,51,52 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water pollution remediation: Synthesis and characterization of poly(o‐methylaniline)/ZnO/rGO composite for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

Ahmad,

Anjum,

Farid

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Water pollution is growing at an alarming rate, particularly due to the colored wastewater released by the various industries into aquifers and fresh water sources, and in some extreme cases, they have reached the water table. Faisalabad, a city in Pakistan where there is an industrial cluster of textiles dyeing and manufacturers, water table has become undrinkable. The presence of hazardous dyes and chemicals imposes serious health issues on humans, animals, and plants. The treatment of such toxic dye effluents is crucial and could be done by efficient degradation methods such as photocatalysis. The current study presents synthesis of poly(o‐methylaniline)/zinc oxide/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (POMA/ZnO/rGO NC) using a chemical oxidative polymerization process and explores its properties as a photocatalyst by demonstrating degradation of three dyes. The composite was characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence emission spectroscopy (PL), Brunauer Emmett–Teller analysis (BET), and UV–visible spectroscopy (UV–visible). Further, the photocatalytic activity of POMA/ZnO/rGO NC was evaluated and compared by degrading the direct yellow 12 (DY 12), congo red (CR), and malachite green (MG) dyes in aqueous media under UV irradiation. The results indicated that after 110 min, POMA/ZnO/rGO composite degraded the dyes by 92% (DY 12), 86.1% (CR), and 82.1% (MG), respectively. Moreover, kinetic studies of the photocatalyst were also performed along with reusability test, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, and degradation mechanism.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results (Figure 9) found that the TOC percentage for DY 12, CR, and MG dyes were 35%, 39%, and 41%, respectively. 24,51,52 Mineralization study of selected dyes was also investigated by determination of chemical oxygen demand. The Spectroquant TR…”

Section: Toc and Cod Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water pollution remediation: Synthesis and characterization of poly(o‐methylaniline)/ZnO/rGO composite for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

Ahmad,

Anjum,

Farid

et al. 2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…The investigation into the thermodynamics of photocatalytic self-degradation of DPP was conducted to examine the catalysis mechanism. 50 Specifically, the degradation of TDPP and PhDPP, both in the absence and presence of initiator EBiB, was conducted across different solution temperatures. The first-order rate constant (k) was determined by the change of the absorption maximum (Figures 6a and S19) upon light-irradiated degradation.…”

Section: −•mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigation into the thermodynamics of photocatalytic self-degradation of DPP was conducted to examine the catalysis mechanism . Specifically, the degradation of TDPP and PhDPP, both in the absence and presence of initiator EBiB, was conducted across different solution temperatures.…”

Section: Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation Benefits Polymerization: Photogenerated Self-Degradable Organocatalyst for Higher-Efficiency ATRP and Pure Polymers

Luo,

Jia,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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In the realm of polymer-based 3D photoprinting, challenges arise from the side effects, notably the persistent presence of photocatalyst residues and metal contamination. These impurities pose significant risks in various applications, including electronics, biological tissues, and medical implants. At the same time, spatial-/time-/light-controlled 3D photoprinting has been hindered by low-efficiency polymerization concerning both initiation and monomer conversion. To address these critical issues, a pioneering concept, "degradation-inhibited quench," is introduced and implemented within photopolymerization to solve the problems mentioned above. This innovative approach aims to produce pure polymers via higher-efficiency atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) with a unique class of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) derivatives as organo-photocatalysts at an extremely low concentration (as low as 50 ppm). Through this approach, pure polymers with ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) have been successfully synthesized. For instance, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) achieved a monomer conversion of >50%, a molecular weight of 2.1 million, and a dispersity of 1.38 after 12 h additional dark reaction. Notably, this photopolymerization method demonstrates applicability across a broad spectrum of monomers, with or without solvents, including acrylate, acrylic, styrene, and acrylonitrile. Mechanism insights revealed that the production of UHMW PMMA stemmed from the degradation of intermediate complex DPP •+ /Br − , which originated from the photoinitiation. This degradation inhibited the oxidative quenching of active propagating chain radicals, thereby significantly extending their lifespan. This groundbreaking concept embraces the potential for further development of highly effective organo-photocatalysts and reactive systems specifically tailored for 3D photopolymerization. Moreover, this spatial-/time-/light-controlled polymerization approach does not require any additional purification, offering energyand cost-saving manufacturing technology.

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“…Moreover, these materials exhibit self-cleaning properties and, therefore, can be reused [6]. The adsorptive features of titania-activated carbon composites are especially beneficial for highly concentrated dye wastes since the dye molecules can inhibit the light harvesting by titania and cause photocatalyst poisoning that consequently reduces the photocatalytic performance [7,8]. Since titania is active under ultraviolet irradiation, its application requires special equipment and additional expenses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Removal of Dyes with Tuning Carbon/TiO2 Composite Properties

Yankovych,

Abreu-Jaureguí,

Farrando-Perez

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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This study evaluates the removal of several dyes with different charge properties, i.e., anionic (Acid Red 88), cationic (Basic Red 13), and neutral (Basic Red 5) using transition metal-doped TiO2 supported on a high-surface-area activated carbon. Experimental results confirm the successful deposition of TiO2 and the derivatives (Zr-, Cu-, and Ce-doped samples) on the surface of the activated carbon material and the development of extended heterojunctions with improved electronic properties. Incorporating a small percentage of dopants significantly improves the adsorption properties of the composites towards the three dyes evaluated, preferentially for sample AC/TiO2_Zr. Similarly, the photodegradation efficiency highly depends on the nature of the composite evaluated and the characteristics of the dye. Sample AC/TiO2_Zr demonstrates the best overall removal efficiency for Acid Red 88 and Basic Red 5—83% and 63%, respectively. This promising performance must simultaneously be attributed to a dual mechanism, i.e., adsorption and photodegradation. Notably, the AC/TiO2_Ce outperformed the other catalysts in eliminating Basic Red 13 (74%/6 h). A possible Acid Red 88 degradation mechanism using AC/TiO2_Zr was proposed. This study shows that the removal efficiency of AC/TiO2 composites strongly depends on both the material and pollutant.

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Is degradation of dyes even possible without using photocatalysts? – a detailed comparative study

Abstract: Degradation of cationic dyes through self generation of ROS.

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Water pollution remediation: Synthesis and characterization of poly(o‐methylaniline)/ZnO/rGO composite for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

Water pollution remediation: Synthesis and characterization of poly(o‐methylaniline)/ZnO/rGO composite for photocatalytic degradation of dyes

Degradation Benefits Polymerization: Photogenerated Self-Degradable Organocatalyst for Higher-Efficiency ATRP and Pure Polymers

Advanced Removal of Dyes with Tuning Carbon/TiO2 Composite Properties

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